The Invention of the Cell Phone

Have you ever imagined the world without cell phones!? How do you think it has affected the world today? The cell phone allows people to communicate with other people anywhere in the world with anyone they want at anytime. How you use the cell phone is what makes it a positive or negative impact on you, society, and the environment. A man named Martin Cooper invented it; he invented it because he wanted people to be able to carry their phones where ever they wanted. He invented it on April 3rd, 1973 in a Motorola Factory. A cell phone is that it is actually a radio, an extremely sophisticated radio, but a radio nonetheless. The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876, and wireless communication can trace its roots to the invention of the radio by Nikolai Tesla in the 1880s. It was only natural that these two great technologies would eventually be combined. The first cell phone weighed 2. 5 pounds, had a talk time of 35 minutes, took 10 hours to charge and had no display. Technology takes up a big factor of the cell phone, because without technology there would be no cell phone. Cell phones today have a big impact on the environment. Some negative impacts are that they are constantly being thrown into landfill which causes pollution. Also the mercury, arsenic and lead in the phones can poison the environment and impact humans also. Cell phones can have a big impact on society today because individuals have become overly reliant on cell phones to help with everyday memory functions. Also very high levels of technology have been placed in cell phone which has caused them to be quite expensive. Some positive impacts are that people a can easily communicate with other people faster than like a letter, or a telegram. Also the average cell phone last about 8-12 months and people with replace cell phone after cell phone. Those cell phones that are constantly replaced end up in landfills. SO u can see how society connects to the environment. With all of the information I have provided you with you could infer what life would be like without cell phones, it could be better without the pollution, but bad without the easiness of communicating with anyone and anywhere.

Trends in Cybercrime

Introduction Cybercrime is nothing to new in this day and time; this has been a problem for many since the early onset of the 80’s. Although much seems to have been done to combat cybercrime over the years, criminals still have an advantage edge. With IT experts, companies see now just how important it is to involve law enforcement in the efforts to fight against computer crime. Computer cybercrime as we know it today is now used as potentially illegal activities. Many issues surrounding this kind of crime has maintain a significant profile mainly toward hacking, copyright and infringement, for the most part this type of computer crime can be placed in two different categories. Crimes that target computer networks or devices directly (i. e. malware-malicious code, denial of service attacks, and computer viruses); Richtel, M and S Robinson, 2002) and crimes facilitated by computer networks or devices, the primary target of which is independent of the computer network or device (i. e. cyber stalking, fraud and identity theft, an information warfare). Messmer, E 2002) According to the 2009 cybercrime forecast it was said that the global recession will lead to a rise of cybercrime worldwide, the attention to cybercrime was back than deflected toward more pressing economic problems,(Matthew Harwood, 2009) Describing a cybercrime trend that society is confronted with today within this paper will address the following key elements; the types of scams are associated with the cybercrime, are there certain profile that cybercriminal have who commits this type of cybercrime. Are law enforcement initiatives to combat this crime enough, the penalties for committing these crimes what are they. Trends in cyber-crime In today business world the economy and national security have become heavily dependent on the internet, and will continue to be adversely impacted by cybercrime. With the internet being vulnerable to malicious codes, the possibility for a money-making opportunity for cybercrime will continue to increase. When an opportunity for a profit to be made is available cybercrime will exist, cybercrime should not be allowed to intimidate our confidentiality and wealth. It is going to be important that we step up with more resources to protect the security of computer systems that include the internet. This most require sole responsibility from individuals and organizations. It will not be enough just for individuals and organizations to do their parts; with the help of the resource cooperation from the private sector industry and the resources from the government. It is necessary to lower the susceptibility of the internet, there is going to be a move with such strategies to be set forth in order for the national strategy to secure cyberspace and prevent cyber-attacks against our critical infrastructure. It is important that the national vulnerability to cyber-attacks have very little damage and enough time from cyber-attacks that will allow recovery time to be implemented. Should this not happen cybercrime havoc will continue on the economy with straight financial losses, production losses, and the stealing of identities and intellectual property. There can be an enormous risk to run of having a tragic failure of the weakening of our critical infrastructure; what’s good about all this is the technological resources that we have can meet the challenge along with a tremendous intellectual. Taking advantage of the leadership and being persistent with our efforts, the tables can be turn on cybercrime. Types of scams are associated with the cybercrime Using the internet is the most important thing of this day and times, without them we are lost, with many different types of cybercrime today we find that we are exposing ourselves to the many threats out there. The scams that are used today if not knowledgeable about computers or the in’s and out of the internet scam first hand it is going to be difficult to spot it right away, as you get to understanding many of the mechanisms that these schemes entails you will quickly see that the scammers are always the same, with some small differences occasionally. Many of the crimes usually are not bad as one might imagine. They are however common place, those that are very serious will carry a felony charge with it. Of the eight know cybercrimes I have listed I will give briefly what each one does mean. Spam with email spam laws being fairly new, the laws on the books regarding â€Å"unsolicited electronic communications† for years this one is most common of the types of cybercrime. Fraud again another common form of cybercrime, this would consist of credit card fraud. Certain computers viruses can log keystrokes on your keyboard and send them to hackers, what happens next comes with the using of your Social Security number, credit card numbers and your home address. Information of this kind is used by the hacker on for his or her purposes only. Cyber Bullying this form of cybercrime has been increasing with teenagers, simply look back at the cheerleader who got her mother involved in her problem with another young girl who trying out for the cheerleader squad, it is differently a growing problem with teens, in Europe and many of the States in the United States have rules to reprimand anyone who harass someone over the internet. Drug Trafficking one would ask how is it possible to enter act any type of drug dealing over the internet. Traffickers only use encoded email or password secure messaging boarding to handle up on any drug deal they are arranging. Cyberterrorism usually it takes a smart hacker that can break into a government website, but there are several forms of Cyberterrorism, for the most part it is a group of likeminded internet users that will crash a website by drowning it with traffic. Although it may appear to be harmless it is not, it is differently illegal. Piracy most talked about form of cybercrime, pilfering, stealing, yes copying music from music websites is illegal and it is a form of cybercrime. Assault by threat this one I believe we all should take very seriously, no one wants or like to be threaten in any fashion certainly to be in fear of your life or that of a family member or members safety, not just the safety of your family but what about that of your community, friends, employees, through the use of a computer network, such as e-mails videos, or even phones. What Might the prof

Mr Makoloyis Personal Profile and View Assignment

Mr Makoloyis Personal Profile and View - Assignment Example Mr Makoloyi says that the problems emanate from the fact that BA had persisted that the crew accept four-year pay pact. This was to see a freeze in actual pay up to 2014, something to which the crew has countered by giving the company a three-year pay cut pact. Although BA management has already rejected this. In addition, the company refused to commit to making longer the legitimacy of the industrial action ballot to let union staff members to be balloted on any suggestion from BA. Consequently, as Modlock (2010) observed, it resulted in another strike, third to be precise, ballot in five months following the rejection of BA’s proposal by cabin crew. Moreover, BA’s unwillingness to address Unite’s concerns about the impact on existing crew gave that the airline is pushing forward with its new fleet plans and especially on how the routes will be allocated among already functioning and the latest crew in the ages to come. Mr Makoloyi also observed that heightened tensions at the BA is caused by the manner in which the management relates with the employees and the stringent rules it has put forth to curb employee misbehavior like excessive drinking, and this has lowed the motivation of employees. Equally threatening an issue, related to pensions. Mr. Makoloyi explains that the announcement by the company in 2003 that it would close its ultimate remuneration scheme to all recently employed workers due to a major shortfall in the pension’s fund led to BALPA, a trade union that stands for BA pilots, threatened industrial action if the final remuneration scheme was reduced to a less generous package. The threat was approximated to have cost the company roughly eighty million pounds while the union projected that the adjustment would make a number of their members to lose 36% of their final pension. BALPA has roughly 2500 members (Modlick 2010).Mr. Makoloyi said that between 2005 and 2006, BA held mo re than 500 briefings with staff pertaining the same issue. All these negotiations with four unions yielded little given that each of these unions had their own unique issue of concern.

Case 1 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Case 1 - Assignment Example Social technologies in particular, can be associated to social networking such as Facebook and Twitter; social media like YouTube, Scribd, and Flickr; and social relevance that covers all the methods of expressing opinion through online. These technologies substantially contribute to all aspects of an organization especially in terms of generating revenue into a much broader scope of marketing. The most significant point to consider, however, is that social technologies play a crucial role in creating a continuous conversation and relationship with the company’s members, as well as in achieving growth and development. Thus, it is essential to establish an organizational voice to promote the marketing environment of a business, and such voice can be done by utilizing various tools in social technologies and other channels including the print media. In doing so, this would lead to building a good reputation for a company to transact business with the experts in an industry. More over, it is strongly advisable to use crowd-sourcing and provide more sources of information to maximize Internet readership, which allows the company to have less expenses but more creativity. Social technology, therefore, presents an opportunity of changing a chaotic business environment into one that can be easily managed. CRITIQUE â€Å"Social Technology: The Next Frontier† - Scott Klososky In this modern age, social technologies are highly influential in people’s daily lives and in the ongoing operations of the business environment. With the evolution of the Internet, the scientific innovation of products and services has offered much convenience and reliability in responding to the needs and demands of the present society. Indeed, the tools used in social technologies are one of the most innovative applications of doing things that are beyond human capacity to some extent. Not only do individuals are able to maximize the benefits of these technologies but more es pecially for businesses that allow them to raise their revenues and improve their productivity, efficiency, and creativity. In fact, the dominance of social media has affected most organizations to establish good relations and constant communication with its surrounding community, as well as with its members. Klososky (2012, p. 50) noted that as the massive influence of the social tool box is rapidly increasing, the relevance of various applications in social technologies has prompted the majority of learning how to use these tools. As for the business and its competitors, they will use their knowledge of these tools for their own advantage and for the benefit of sustaining their strategic position in the market. Given that the social media is spanning across diverse market groups, any corporate organization should be able to cope with the current trend in technology. In one way or another, they can incorporate the use of social media and networking in their marketing strategies if sustainability and building a good reputation are deemed valuable. As an opinion, social media is becoming so important mainly because the frequent usage of the internet has created a well-structured functioning in the delivery of products and services to a number of individuals and organizations. According to Rand (2013, cited in Goudreau 2013), social media are highly important to have a

Air Pollution in Houston Tx Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Air Pollution in Houston Tx - Research Paper Example This city has sustained the standings as the highest single measurement of ozone pollution in US, typically exceeding the 1-hr ozone standard most of the days. In the same year, a study by a professor at Texas A & M revealed that the concentration of Houston’s Ozone in the summer usually rose two or three times above the government acceptable standards. The American Lung association added its voice on this issue by claiming that city’s pollution is at its peak such that running in such a place equals smoking a pack of cigarettes in one day. Having said the above lets now take a look at the various sources of air pollution in Houston city. At this point it is important to mention that about half of the area deemed as major sources of pollution in the entire Houston region are located on the eastern side of the Harris County. Close to twenty or more major industrial sources are found in east Houston. These chemical industrial facilities include the two largest oil refiner ies in the country. The whole region play host to over 400 industrial facilities that release toxic pollutant into the air. As mention earlier the major contributor to Houston pollution is the ship channel. Here, the ship channel that feeds the port, together with the port itself produces a wide range of pollutants that add up to those generated by nearby industrial sources. Another source of air pollution is the emissions from automotives like buses, trucks, and cars. Another source of air pollution is the emissions from automotives like buses, trucks, and cars.

Marketing plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Marketing plan - Essay Example They also have expectations about values of the goods or services they choose (p. 8). Products and services of Pizza restaurant can be said to deliver values to customers when the company offers set of benefits being promised to satisfy customer needs and wants by differentiating their products, positioning brand equity, communicating value propositions and making consumers very loyal to the brand as well. These products and services will be able to provide Unique Selling Proposition when they possess unique qualities that differentiate them in a way that customers purchase rather than its rivals (Hindle, 2008, p. 197). Answer to Question- 2- Current Marketing Strategy Marketing mix comprises of basic marketing tools that a firm uses to pursue its marketing objectives, termed as four Ps of marketing as described by McCarthy (Kotler and Keller, 2006, p. 19). The Pizza Restaurant’s current marketing strategy is to expand segment positioning by including product, price, place and promotion elements. The unique characteristics of the products and services that it proposes to deliver will provide solution to customer needs (Product) for a reasonable and affordable prices (price) that they are ready to spend for the values. These products and services will be directly distributed (place) to them in the restaurant.

TEXTBOOK-Brinkley, American History, Connecting with the Past, Volume Essay - 4

TEXTBOOK-Brinkley, American History, Connecting with the Past, Volume II, McGraw Hill chapters 20-21 - Essay Example The Square deal was an approach where Roosevelt was focused in solving three fundamental community concerns. The other progressive who took up the Presidential Office was Woodrow Wilson, a democrat with proper academic backgrounds who was equipped with various community development change ideologies (Alan 2011, pg.516). In their quest to facilitate a corruption free society and foster development by using the progressivism program, the two presidents experienced several obstacles that derailed the achievement of their goals; however, they managed to overcome some of the obstacles and in the end achieved their development agendas. To begin with, when Roosevelt came to power as the President of the United States, he had a focus to address three aspects of the society in which on his own view were fundamental: Roosevelt was enthusiastic in protecting consumers, conserving the environment and controlling corporations (Alan 2011, pg. 516). In 1902, coal miners in Pennsylvania went on strike demanding better pay, proper working conditions as well as a reduction of normal working time from ten hours to nine hours a day. President Roosevelt stepped in to create a solution to this conflict by calling a meeting with the mine owners for negotiations. However, some of the mine owners were reluctant and did not attend the meeting; some of them did not show sympathy and were adamant to meet the demands of their workers. President Roosevelt, having been motivated by the majority support from the public, miners and the workers’, decided to use his ‘big stick’ where: He was to seize and manage the mines through the use of Government troops (Alan 2011, pg. 517). Additionally, President Roosevelt experienced great challenges in his effort to eliminate corruption among monopolistic businesses and corporations (Trusts) of which majority were owned by the America’s

Jury Bias Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Jury Bias - Essay Example However, there are states that permit a limited number of 6 people in juries when dealing with minor cases. It is also imperative to identify if there is a juror who harbors any individual interest either through bias or prejudice (Burns, 2006). Next is opening statements. This is whereby an outline of proof is presented by each side to the jury as trial proceeds. However, it is critical to note that opening statements are not the same as evidence but the expectations of the parties the evidence is supposed to prove. After that the trial moves to the presentation of testimony of witnesses or presentation of evidence. It is essential to observe here that the constitutional trial rights of each party are paramount under the guiding jurisdiction of the law. The first case to be presented is the prosecutions or plaintiffs. On that account, during the testimony of the witness, a direct examination is conducted by the side that summoned the witness. This is followed by cross examination by the side that did not call the witness. It I here where there is presentation of physical evidence such as weapons or documents among others for identification (Burnett, 2003). Next is the closing arguments whereby there is summary of the entire evidence by the sitting attorneys. Alternatively, the attorneys also attempt to make persuasion in favor of their client to the jury. It is during this step where the attorneys strongly invoke the constitutional trial rights of their clients and my open or close the arguments. Thereafter, instructions are presented to jury in order for the judges to make sound deliberations (Burns, 2006). In other words, during this phase there is reading of instructions on the law that governs the presented case. The last step entails deliberation whereby the case is considered in order to re ach a verdict. First, the jury elects a foreperson to oversee the discussions in order to be

D4 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

D4 - Assignment Example They can also request the school to correct any documents that are misleading or inaccurate and also a right to receive formal hearing should appropriate action not be taken. Schools should be discreet with information and must obtain rights from either the student or the parent to release information from the records. However some parties such as school and audit official, parties aiding the student financially, accreditors, organizations conducting studies on behalf of the school have been exempted from this exception. As an early childhood educator, I should recognize this rule and ensure compliance to the latter. The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) provides the legal provisions that govern services to children with disabilities (Staples 376). The lessons learnt from the video clip and the review of the Act relates to the following facts: The Act dictates how the state provides early intervention, special education to eligible infants and youths with disabilities. In part B, children and youth between 3-21 years receive services while the infants and toddlers receive services under the C part. As an early childhood educator, I am equipped with the knowledge that it is important to offer a child quality learning experience. It is equally important that the children with disabilities are well prepared before joining the kindergartens with a strong foundation for success in school. The Act provides me with an adequate base of learning on the need to care and help the state in acknowledging and helping transform the lives of the challenged. Child abuse is prevalent especially towards infants and minors. Child abuse and neglect exists in many ways and has various causes relating to the thought pattern, beliefs and behaviors of guardians. In many cases, parents use child rearing techniques that are abusive or inflict harm when frustrated. Various states and organizations have come up to fight against this vice and strict

Graduate Essay Example for Free

Graduate Essay High expectations College admissions are tough—approximately 50 percent of all college applicants are rejected by their school of choice. And when it comes to graduate school, things are even tougher, and expectations are higher. The ability to create a piece of writing that properly illustrates your individuality and distinguishing characteristics are vital for admission. Admissions officers look at thousands of essays, so differentiating yourself is vital. However, distinguishing yourself from everyone else can be a tough challenge. Thats why were here to help. Survival of the fittest You will find yourself pitted against thousands of other students, many with similar backgrounds and similar academic ratings. What you need is an unforgettable first impression—one that will get you instant approval in the eyes of admissions officers. The key to that first impression is your admission essay, which is your primary chance for a good first impression. It is your first chance at presenting a well-thought-out exposition of your worth, your virtues, and your individuality. Fresh ideas Any professional writer will agree that editing by persons other than the writer himself is a very important step in the writing process. Even the most seasoned writer can always benefit from the â€Å"fresh† eyes of a third party, whether editing or critique is needed. Thats where we come in. Our team of professionals will edit and reinvent your essay to give it that fresh edge. An essay that looks like everybody elses will take no time to reach the reject pile. But with the extensive experience of our writers and editors, we are quick to recognize the ordinary from the excellent, vastly improving your chances of getting accepted. Our service You can take advantage of our pool of experienced professionals to leverage yourself above the majority of applicants. We eliminate any grammatical errors and unneeded wordiness, and we streamline sentence structure and improve style. We offer three types of services according to your needs. First is our Admission Essay Writing service, where personal facts are presented to the best advantage. While good grades and flawless records are also important, they are not enough to distinguish you. What really differentiates an admissions essay is the personality and character that the essay shows about you. Second is our Admission Essay Editing service, where we eliminate all spelling, grammar and style errors. Most importantly, emphasizing your individuality by affecting a unique style and preserving your voice. Our third service is the Admission Essay Review, which entails elimination of errors and professional editor’s suggestions for improving your essay, again with special emphasis on stressing your individuality. All services are delivered as double-spaced, 12 point Times New Roman documents, with no page limits.

Applying Key Sociological Concepts: Poverty

Applying Key Sociological Concepts: Poverty Poverty is a global phenomenon that affects the whole world specially the developing nations. Poverty has affected millions of people suffering from hunger and thirst. Food, clean water, shelter and clothing are the basic needs for an individual to survive. However, people under poverty line have no access to these basic needs maybe due to economic reasons or other factors. According to Gilbert (2004), absolute poverty is the condition of people whose incomes are too low to satisfy their most basic needs (p. 3). Almost half of the world-over three billion people live on less than $2.50 a day (Global Issues, 2013). Poverty is a social issue that needs to be understood how certain class of people were able to cope under certain situation. Sociology bears the importance of helping me to understand poverty by applying sociological concept. Poverty has existed centuries ago and up to now it is still evident in recent society. As a society with interconnected parts, poverty affects not onl y a single person but rather the rest of the community. It is interesting to learn the different facets that contribute to poverty and how sociological perspective can be of use in understanding this dilemma. Illiteracy is one factor that contributes to poverty. Without proper education, people would find it hard to look for a decent job to sustain its everyday consumption and expenses. Generally, if a person cannot read and write, jobs correlating to his qualification would depend on his abilities. Poverty affects the nation economically and pulls the nation behind compared with other industrialized nation. Illiteracy brings down a society to poverty leading to widespread hunger and malnutrition. For instance, according to Igboanusi (2014), there are eight West African countries listed among the lowest ten countries in the world with regards to literacy rates including Burkina Fuso, Niger, Sierra Leone, Benin, Gambia, Senegal, Guinea Bissau, and Guinea (p. 83). These are also the poorest countries in the world- an obvious indication that poverty rates and illiteracy rates are closely connected (Igboanusi, 2014, p. 83). The social-conflict approach is a framework for building theory that sees society as an arena of inequality that generates conflict and change (Macionis, Jansson Benoit, 2013, p. 12). Applying this sociological concept means that there is an unequal distribution of wealth between the rich and the poor which creates conflict among developing nations. The inequality between the two dimensions creates a gap which makes the poor becomes poorer and the rich becomes richer. To cite a specific example would be my country where I came from, the Philippines. In the Philippines, people who are in authority holds the power and through their power they take advantage of the poor. Philippine elected politicians use their position to benefit themselves like pocketing the money allotted for public development funds. Recently, there were three Philippine Senators who were charge with graft and plunder cases for taking part in monopolizing the priority development assistance fund (Cayabyab, 2014. pa ra. 1). Also charged is alleged mastermind Janet Lim Napoles, whose bogus non-government organization were allegedly used as dummy fronts to pocket billions of public funds through ghost projects (Cayabyab, 2014, para. 6). Though recently, President Aquino’s administration has been combating enormously to counter corruption in the Philippines and seeks transparency in all government activities. Looking back to social-conflict approach, the inequality between the rich and the poor creates conflict and change in the same way as it is portrayed in the Philippine government. In addition, poverty is a difficult thing to address unless there is a balance and equal opportunity given to all people. The Feminism and Gender-Conflict approach is a point of view that focuses on inequality and conflict between men and women (Macionis, Jansson Benoit, 2013, p. 13). Feminism, in my opinion, seeks to find equality between two genders as not to place one gender ahead of the other. In my understanding, gender-conflict approach means that there is a preference of one gender over the other in terms of opportunity and employment sector. A specific example is the nation Botswana. Poverty in Botswana is a gender-based problem that disproportionately affects men and women (Raditloaneng Mulenga, 2003, p. 5). The feminization of poverty is based on measures of poverty as they relate to male and female headed households (Raditloaneng Mulenga, 2003, p. 6). These measures include income, head count ratios, and poverty sector approaches to gender-based poverty (Raditloaneng Mulenga, 2003, p. 6). Women and female headed households tend to suffer poverty and economic marginalization more acutely t han male-headed households in Botswana (Raditloaneng Mulenga, 2003, p. 6). Furthermore, Gilbert (2004) states that women experience a higher rate of poverty than men the world over (p. 179). When we measure poverty by the standard of â€Å"capabilities,† rather than simply income, the gender gap appears even wider, since females have less access to education, are often legally disadvantaged compared to males, and in many parts of the developing world do not yet have an equal voice in the political process (Gilbert, 2004, p. 179). The race-conflict approach is a point of view that focuses on inequality and conflict between people of different racial and ethnic categories (Macionis, Jansson Benoit, 2013, p. 14). In my opinion, race-conflict approach means that there is a prejudice among selected people when it comes to origin and background especially to the colored people. They are less regarded in term of employability. This approach relates to underprivileged black people in history wherein they were denied their rights. According to Baldwin Johnson (1996), â€Å"when labor supply curves are upward-sloping, wage discrimination against black men reduces not only their relative wages but also their relative employment rates (p. 302). Intersectional research highlights how barriers to employment for low-income Black women are symptomatic of their double-jeopardy, due to marginalized racial and gender identities (Branch Scherer, 2013, p. 355). Employment options available to black women were characterized by instability, exploitation, and invisibility (Branch Scherer, 2013, p. 355). Driven by economic interests combined with assumptions shaped by gender and race, those in power actively blocked black women from entering better jobs time after time (Duffy, 2013, p. 1130). Though this perception has been casted out in our modern society. I believe in equality to all people whatever their race or ethnicity. In conclusion, seeing a society in a sociological perspective helps me to understand the relationship among individuals and the society he lives in. It gives me a broader idea that a society is an interconnected network of people and people live together and creates their own culture, tradition, and ways of living through interaction. Different sociological theory or approach should be analyzed and understood to be able to relate to what is happening in our present surrounding why people behave in that manner and even sociological events that happen in the past. Likewise, poverty issue is a complex matter that encompasses a lot of sociological concept. It means that to be able to see it in a sociological perspective, I should consider using various approach to be able to understand the culture behind poverty and its consequences to people. References Baldwin, M. L., Johnson, W.G. (1996). The Employment Effects of Wage Discrimination Against Black Men. Industrial Labor Relations Review, 49(2), 302-316. Branch, E., Scherer, M. (2013). Mapping the Intersections in the Resurgence of the Culture of Poverty. Race, Gender Class, 20(3/4), 346-358. Cayabyab, M.J. (2014). Ombudsman files graft charges vs Napoles, Revilla, Estrada, and Revilla: Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved from http://newsinfo.inquirer.net /609757/ombudsman-files-graft-charges-vs-napoles-revilla-estrada-enrile Duffy, M. (2013). Opportunity denied: Limiting Black Women to Devalued Work. The American Journal of Sociology, (4), 1129. Galbraith, J. (1979). The Nature of Mass Poverty. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. Gilbert, G. (2004). World Poverty: Contemporary World Issues. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO Inc. Igboanusi, H. (2014). The Role of Language Policy in Poverty Alleviation in West Africa. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 2014(225), 75-90. doi:10.1515/ijsl-2013-0066. Macionis, J., Jansson, S. M., Benoit, C. (2013). Society the Basics. Ontario, Canada: Pearson Canada Inc. Raditloaneng, W., Mulenga, D. (2003). Rethinking Poverty and Illiteracy: A case study of Botswana’s Urban Women. Convergence, 36(2), 5-27. Shah, A. (2013). Poverty Facts and Stats: Global Issues. Retrieved from http://www.globalissues.org/article/26/poverty-facts-and-stats

The Pros and Cons of Gene Alteration Essay -- Exploratory Essays Resea

The Pros and Cons of Gene Alteration Abstract A new epidemic in human reproduction is slowly sweeping the earth, and it is known as human gene alteration. It gives parents the ability to decide their babies' sex, hair color, or even eye color. Creating these so called "designer babies" seems like the perfect way to have the child you have always dreamed of. But is this a moral way to go about reproduction? Is it fair to these children to mess with their genes just for your own satisfaction of having the perfect baby? Gene alteration can also be used in other more beneficial ways. One being to prevent and weed out disease that effects an unborn child. Gene alteration can be very beneficial, but only if used in the right way such as preventing and controlling disease. Myths of Reproduction For centuries, people have been trying to choose their babies sex through home remedies. Some of these home remedies include: diet, temperature, and the phases of the moon. For diet, researchers believe if the mother eats veggies, sweets and an excess amount of calcium she will have a girl. It is also believed that if men avoid hot tubs and wear loose clothes they will have boys. The phases of the moon are also thought to be a factor. If a baby is conceived during a full moon, it is most likely going to be a girl. If a baby is conceived on a quarter moon, it will probably be a boy (Kantrowitz, 2001, p. 51). There are thousands of these home remedies that people actually swear by. The truth about these home remedies, is that they probably don't work. If they did then every one would have their desired baby. With the advancement in today's technology, however people will no longer have to engage in these silly myths. Definition .. ... Retrieved March 11, 2004, from https://web.lexisnexis.com/universe/document?_m=8f14991eb35bb87abff7d11a7daf2b98&_docunum=1&wchp=dGLbVtzzSkVb&_md5=17984652323d3c0d8bb44c1f7e551007 Lee, Ellie (2003 April). Debating designer babies. Retrieved on March 14, 2004, from http://www.spiked-online.com/Articles/00000006DD57.htm Marsh, Beezy (2003 December). Mother loses designer baby planned to save her son. Retrieved March 13, 2004, from https://web.lexisnexis.com/universe/document?_m=8f14991eb35bb87abff7d11a7daf2b98 &_docunum=3&wchp=dGLbVtz-zSkVb&_md5=623f346923e2f9b4d3d84c4afa17e5cd Robertson, John (1994). Children of choice. New Jersey: Princeton University Press. Sofer, William (1991). Genetic engineering. Massacusettes: Butterworth-Heinemann. What is germ line therapy? (n.d.). Retrieved on March 24, 2004, from http://www.dhgp.de/info/FAQ/faqtext3_3.html

The Physics of Riding Bulls Essay -- Sports Rodeo Essays

The Physics of Riding Bulls Rodeo is a sport that came about by everyday work being made into competition. Every event in rodeo has a practical purpose; all but one that is. There is no practical reason to get on a bull; only the thrills, chills, and rush of excitement. It ¡Ã‚ ¦s more than a challenge between riders. It ¡Ã‚ ¦s a challenge between man and beast. Legendary cowboy Larry Mahan had an even different way of looking at it. He said,  ¡Ã‚ §It ¡Ã‚ ¦s not a challenge with the animal but with the weakness in one ¡Ã‚ ¦s self ¡Ã‚ ¨. At any rate, it ¡Ã‚ ¦s all about the challenge. The challenge is simple; stay on the bull ¡Ã‚ ¦s back for eight seconds while keeping one hand fee from contact with the bull or your own body. Well it sounds simple anyways. Bull riding is a difficult challenge that involves overcoming many forces. Bulls will try just about anything to get a rider off their back. This includes raring, kicking, spinning, jumping, belly rolls, and some unintended moves such as stumbling and falling down. All the moves produce some sort of force the rider has to overcome. Fortunately the rider can produce a few forces of their own. Mainly, the rider only has a combination or leg strength and arm strength to counter with. But, there is a lot that a rider can do to overcome these forces through body positioning. There are really two different types of bulls; fast bulls, and strong bulls. Fast bulls are the hardest to ride. Typically, a bull can move much faster that a human making it difficult for the rider to keep up. There are basically three types of motions that a bull can make: linear, circular, and rotational. Linear motions include the rare, kick, jump, and just plain running. Circular motions include spinning. Rotational m... ...ay at the center point of the circle. Some bulls can do so many random and different moves so fast that the rider may black out or loose focus. The only way to really get good is through experience. Experience trains the subconscious so that as the rider feels what the bull is doing he can react faster. A bull rider must also be in great shape. Much energy is spent in the course of a bull ride. The energy is equal to the force applied times the distance traveled. The forces are great and as fast as a bull can move they can cover a lot of ground in eight seconds. This adds up to a lot of energy being expended. Bull riding can be loads of fun. But it is definitely no picnic. WORKS CITED Kirkpatrick, Larry D., and Gerald F. Wheeler. Physics A World View, Fourth Edition. 1992. Orlando: Harcourt, 2001. p. 275. http://plabpc.csustan.edu/astro/newton/cpetal.htm The Physics of Riding Bulls Essay -- Sports Rodeo Essays The Physics of Riding Bulls Rodeo is a sport that came about by everyday work being made into competition. Every event in rodeo has a practical purpose; all but one that is. There is no practical reason to get on a bull; only the thrills, chills, and rush of excitement. It ¡Ã‚ ¦s more than a challenge between riders. It ¡Ã‚ ¦s a challenge between man and beast. Legendary cowboy Larry Mahan had an even different way of looking at it. He said,  ¡Ã‚ §It ¡Ã‚ ¦s not a challenge with the animal but with the weakness in one ¡Ã‚ ¦s self ¡Ã‚ ¨. At any rate, it ¡Ã‚ ¦s all about the challenge. The challenge is simple; stay on the bull ¡Ã‚ ¦s back for eight seconds while keeping one hand fee from contact with the bull or your own body. Well it sounds simple anyways. Bull riding is a difficult challenge that involves overcoming many forces. Bulls will try just about anything to get a rider off their back. This includes raring, kicking, spinning, jumping, belly rolls, and some unintended moves such as stumbling and falling down. All the moves produce some sort of force the rider has to overcome. Fortunately the rider can produce a few forces of their own. Mainly, the rider only has a combination or leg strength and arm strength to counter with. But, there is a lot that a rider can do to overcome these forces through body positioning. There are really two different types of bulls; fast bulls, and strong bulls. Fast bulls are the hardest to ride. Typically, a bull can move much faster that a human making it difficult for the rider to keep up. There are basically three types of motions that a bull can make: linear, circular, and rotational. Linear motions include the rare, kick, jump, and just plain running. Circular motions include spinning. Rotational m... ...ay at the center point of the circle. Some bulls can do so many random and different moves so fast that the rider may black out or loose focus. The only way to really get good is through experience. Experience trains the subconscious so that as the rider feels what the bull is doing he can react faster. A bull rider must also be in great shape. Much energy is spent in the course of a bull ride. The energy is equal to the force applied times the distance traveled. The forces are great and as fast as a bull can move they can cover a lot of ground in eight seconds. This adds up to a lot of energy being expended. Bull riding can be loads of fun. But it is definitely no picnic. WORKS CITED Kirkpatrick, Larry D., and Gerald F. Wheeler. Physics A World View, Fourth Edition. 1992. Orlando: Harcourt, 2001. p. 275. http://plabpc.csustan.edu/astro/newton/cpetal.htm

Sample quiz

The company must expand beyond its marketing capabilities to capture growing markets D. The market segment must reflect the population's changing attitudes and lifestyles 4. Porches â€Å"There is no substitute† is an example of which of the following positioning strategies? A Product class B. Product users C. Price/quality D. Attributes 5. Marketers applying a positioning strategy want to: A. Make their product look as much as the market leader as possible B. Emphasize a products unique advantages and differentiate it from competitors options C. Make sure they clearly outline the product's possible applications D.Talk to specific, know users of the product 6. A positioning map: A. Is used primarily by companies utilizing undifferentiated marketing strategies B. Will remain constant through the entire product life cycle C. Shows how consumers view a product relative to competitive products D. Outlines how to introduce a new product to the marketplace 7. What describes the rela tionship between promotion and pricing objectives? A. Pricing objective maximize promotion B. Pricing objectives interferes with promotional objectives C. Pricing objectives and promotion are interdependent D.Pricing objectives and promotion are interchangeable 8. Which element of the promotional mix covers a wide audience with targeted advertising? A personal selling B Direct marketing C Guerilla marketing D Contract marketing 9. A company wants to inform thousands of potential customers to switch from the competitor and use their products instead. Which promotional strategy would it be effective for this company A. Telemarketing B. Personal selling C. Economic selling D. Zip code marketing 10. A company plans to introduce its new product in several different locations with a series of communications tailored for each location.Which form of promotional strategy would the company select? A. Personal selling B. House to house advertising C. National advertising D. Newspaper advertise ment 1 1 . In which phase of U. S. Government regulation were major laws such as the Sherman Antitrust Act, Clayton Act, and Federal Trade Commission Act passed to maintain a competitive environment? A. Phase aimed at protecting competitors B. Industry deregulation phase C. Antinational period D. Consumer protection phase 12. Which channel has the role of standardizing exchange processes, such as payment terms, delivery schedules, and purchase lots?A The distribution channel B The promotional channel C The public relations channel D The product life cycle 13. Which is a component of the a physical distribution system A Manufacturing B Customer service C Market development D Supply chain 14. A group of Occupy Wall-Street demonstrators protest against big banks. Which environment is influencing this behavior? A Legal environment B Economic environment C Technological environment D Social-cultural environment 15. Which scenario requires high involvement decision making? A Buying a movi e ticket B Buying a home C Buying grocery D Choosing a restaurant 6.Which Act prohibits price discrimination in sales to wholesalers, retailers, or other producers? A. Wheeler-Lea Act B. Robinson-Pitman Act C. North American Free Trade Agreement D. Federal Trade Commission 17. How would you defined the competition between Wendy and McDonald's A. Pure competition as you can find many firms within the industry. B. Oligopoly because it requires high start up cost C. Direct because they are offering similar products and services D. Indirect competition because they are all in the fast food business 18. Alliances are considered essential in a country where: A.Partnerships with local firms provided regional expertise for a company expanding its operations abroad B. Laws required foreign firms doing business there to work with local companies C. The partners combine resources and capital to create competitive advantages in a new market D. Efforts are required to achieve organizational obje ctives by predicting and influencing the competitive and political-legal environments 19. Which of the following has ended total monopoly protection for most utilities like natural gas, electricity, water, and cable n. ‘ service? A. Deregulation movement B. Oligopoly C.Temporary monopoly D. Antitrust remedies 20. Marketers must constantly monitor their competitors products, prices, distribution, and promotional efforts because the: A. Competitors may be violating the truth-in-advertising laws B. Actions of competitors may the aerate the firm's monopoly position C. Actions of competitors may create an oligopoly within an industry D. New products offerings by a competitor may require adjustments to one or more components of the firm's marketing mix 21 . In which industry' might there still remain a monopoly in certain geographic locations? A. Cell phone provider B.Cable TV provider C. Supermarket D. Dentist 22. Monopoly in the competitive environment: A. Is enjoyed by few organi zations as sole suppliers of a good or service B. Is common in the telecommunications industry C. Cannot be achieved temporarily, even through the use of patents and similar legal devices D. Is the most common type of competition in the LOS market 23. An industry with a few large competing firms is called a(n): A. Regulated Monopoly B. Pure competition C. Perfect competition D. Oligopoly 24. Identify the latest regulatory frontier A. Protecting competitors B. Industry deregulation C.

Fiji Water Essay

FIJI Water has recently been accused of greenwashing. Greenwashing is a term that is used to describe companies that mislead their consumers into believing that they are an environmentally safe company. With the threat of global warming due to greenhouse gases, many people have become extremely sensitive to companies that aren’t doing their part to keep the world a great place to live for thousands of years to come. This has caused problems for FIJI Water because their business is successful only if they are able to get consumers to buy their water even though they aren’t an environmentally friendly company. Fiji, an island located in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, has to ship bottled water 5,500 miles to the United States, which produces 216,000,000 pounds of greenhouse gases per trip. This has a huge impact on the environment and therefore has led to many conservationists attacks due to FIJI Water’s claim to go carbon negative. FIJI Water promised to reduce their packaging by 20 percent per year, supply at least 50 percent of the energy used at its plants with renewable energy, optimized logistics and use more carbon-efficient transportations modes, restore degraded grasslands in Fiji, and support recycling programs for plastic bottles. They claimed that this would have a net reduction of carbon in the atmosphere, and used the slogan â€Å"every drop is green† to symbolize that their company wasn’t doing any harm to the environment. While they promised this and created a website to show that they were going carbon negative, there were no numbers to prove that they actually accomplished what they intended to do. I completely agree with the conservationists that they are greenwashing because it’s hard to believe that a company exporting 90 percent of their products to places that are thousands of miles away and emit a ton of greenhouse gases would be able to be carbon negative. Some companies don’t get caught for their greenwashing, but when it’s completely obvious it’s hard to fool customers, especially conservationists.

San Francisco Coffee House Case Essay

1. Should Tensek and Pacek consider franchising over organic growth? Do a qualitative cost-benefit Analysis. (4 Points) In regards to whether Tensek and Pacek should consider franchising over growing additional business locations organically, there are many factors that the couple must take into account. Whether they choose to expand using a franchising or organic approach, there are major costs and benefits that will dramatically affect San Fransisco Coffee House. First, the company must take into account the costs associated with expanding the company organically. Opening and starting virtually any business requires an individual to risk a substantial amount of capital. Although the first location was a success and gained regional notoriety, the couple would have to risk their own money to fund the venture. This particular investment includes financing the purchases of equipment, initial supplies, and furnishing the location. The couple spent an initial 40,000 euros as their start up capital, and would be unable to spend less on additional locations, as the interior and ambience it provides are perhaps the most important characteristics of the business. The design process would require an investment of important time and money. In addition to the valuable number of hours that would be spent finding a location with a reasonable monthly rental cost, Tensek and Pacek would also be required to discover a location that would provide them access to their target demographics, (students and businessmen). For each additional location, the couple would also be responsible for hiring and training new staff members. This task would also require the couple to establish a payroll and benefits plan for new team members. The benefits of expanding the business organically include several major items. If SFCH chooses to expand organically, the company will have a much easier time controlling the image and publicity of the business. The couple will have the ability to handpick and train employees using the effective techniques they used at their precious location. Pacek and Tensek will also  be able to decorate the vital interiors of additional locations. These techniques will ensure that additional locations will provide the excellent customer service and the casual American ambience that the initial location provided. Opening their own additional locations would also allow the couple to retain all of the earnings, as opposed to sharing the profits with a franchisee. The Croatian economy is more geared towards entrepreneurs opening their own businesses. If the couple is able to avoid franchising and expand organically, local banks would be more inclined to potentially provide SFCH with financing. Croatian franchising has many potential barriers to entry. The country’s economic and political landscapes have continued to evolve over the past few decades; however, the country is still developing. Due to the developing state of the country, no true franchising legal system has been put into place. If SFCH chooses to begin franchising, the company might be subject to legislative changes which could potentially negatively impact the financial situation of the company. SFCH must also take into account the public view of franchising in Croatia. Due to the smaller population and limited number of franchises in the country, franchising is not a well known practice in Croatia. Not only is the general public misinformed about franchising, local banks have virtually no understanding of the practice. This situation limits the number of people who might be interested in potentially purchasing a franchise of SFCH and also decreases the likelihood of a Croatian bank providing a franchisee with a loan. There are a number of benefits SFCH would receive if the company elected to begin franchising. SFCH would be able to utilize the Croatian Franchising Association as a resource to access potential franchisees. Franchising would require much less of a financial investment and would not require as much of a time commitment from the couple as organically growing the company one store at a time. This strategy would also allow the company to collect royalties while only having to provide advertising, the use of the company name, use of the company infrastructure and perhaps assistance with training  and interior design strategies. Increasing the number of locations will additionally build brand awareness, as well as establish a stronghold on the untapped Croatian coffee market. SFCH will also benefit from the first mover advantages. Once Croatia enters the European Union, major coffee companies will undoubtedly try to enter the market. SFCH’s stronghold on the American-Style coffeehouse market will prove itself to be extremely valuable. Additionally, Tensek and Pacek would have a lot less risk if they were to franchise their business rather than open an additional store themselves. Typically with a franchise the risk is on the part of the franchisee and not the owners of the whole company. It is up to the owner of the specific franchise to take the major risk to get the location going. After reviewing the costs and benefits associated with both organically growing the company, as well as franchising, it is apparent that SFCH would be wise to begin franchising. The startup costs associated with opening one additional store at a time, as well as the time it would cost the company clearly indicates that organically growing the company is an unwise decision. Though it seems Croatians don’t quite grasp the concept of franchising, the positive numbers in exhibit 4 and 5 indicate that franchising will most likely take off in the near future. The potential growth and revenues franchising would provide clearly outweigh the potential barriers to entry SFCH would have to overcome. 2. What adjustments would they need to make for franchising in the Croatian context? (1.5 Points) Croatia’s eventual entry into the European Union allows SFCH to prepare for the legal changes and repercussions that will occur once Croatia is admitted. It would be wise for the couple to consider the potential competitors this change might bring to the country, as well as the EU’s policy regarding franchises. There is the potential that once SFCH begins their franchising that other top competitors such as Starbucks will take notice and enter the Croatian market as well. Another item SFCH must address is the lack of individuals interested in  franchises. Although there is little the company can do to change the public understanding of franchising, SFCH can utilize the Croatian Franchising Association as a resource for finding potential franchisees. The Association offers several tools that help expanding companies connect with potential franchisees. SFCH has the potential to run campaigns through their business to educate potential entrepreneurs on the benefits of franchising. According to exhibit 6 they already have a decent budget for marketing activities. Tensek and Pacek could use some of this money, or additional funds to create marketing campaigns around educating people on franchising, specifically with SFCH. SFCH should also partner with an international entity to receive all of the tax benefits the Croatian government offers to international businesses operating within Croatia. Since there is no minimum percentage of ownership required to receive the benefits, SFCH could offer a minimal percentage of ownership to an international partner with a competitive advantage the business could use. 3. How could they protect their intellectual property and business format know-how? (1.5 Points) In order to ensure franchisees are operating in a manner that the company requires, SFCH should seek legal advice and draw up contracts. These documents should include how the image, logo and slogan of SFCH should be used, what royalties are to be paid to the business and how the business should operate in general. In addition to this agreement, the company should trademark the logos, slogans and name of the company in Croatia, and after they partner with an international entity, register their business devices through the World Intellectual Property Organization. SFCH can also turn to various other business organizations including the EU. These organizations often offer guidelines or resources for entrepreneurs. By using internet resources Tensek and Pacek have access to many informational formats that can give them information on how to outline their practices. 4. How could they fight of local imitators? What would happen if Starbucks or other major coffee chains entered the market? (1.5 Points) If the company elects to begin franchising, the company will expand much more quickly than if it had chosen to expand organically. This expansion will provide SFCH with the first mover advantage. Even if local companies, or large coffee chains attempt to enter the Croatian market, SFCH will have already absorbed most of the Croatian consumers. If large coffee chains enter the market and begin to take away from SFCH’s market share, the couple must determine what marketing, menu, and overall changes should be made in order to mitigate the chain’s Croatian success. It is also important to remember that small businesses can work amongst large corporations. A great example of this is all the local coffee shops in Salt Lake City that are profiting alongside the many Starbucks locations that are in the city as well. In addition to having the first mover advantage, the company will have already established national and world trademarks. These trademarks protect SFCH from blatant imitators and local coffee shop rivals. 5. How could they become the biggest and most successful coffee house nationally? (1.5 Points) In addition to the previously discussed changes SFCH should integrate into their business model, the company should also begin serving adult beverages. This change will enable the company to challenge local coffee shops while gaining a percentage of the nightlife market. Croatian coffee shops are known to serve alcohol, however, SFCH has not attempted to enter this market. This change will provide the company with additional revenues while taking advantage of an alcohol-friendly market. Exposure to nightlife locals could also potentially expose the SFCH to coffee consumers that did not previously know of the shop’s existence. The only potential pitfall of incorporating alcohol into the menu, is if the company alters its ambient atmosphere. The shop should not alter its calm, relaxing identity, rather  provide a tranquil location where individuals can socialize and enjoy alcoholic beverages. Many of the large corporate coffee shops are so popular because they advertise a lifestyle. Starbucks may offer similar coffee and pastries at similar prices to other local coffee shops, but what sets them apart is that they are part of a collective idea. When someone has a starbucks cup and sees another person with the same thing, they may feel as though they are in a group. Starbucks had done a great job at making their customers feel connected and like they belong to the Starbucks family. SFCH would benefit by additional marketing to make their customers feel like they are part of the San Francisco Coffee House family, much like Starbucks has done. This is something that can be achieved through marketing and will only get stronger through continued growth.

Classical Civilisation Essay

To what extent can we reconstruct the palace civilisation of Mycenae? What does the evidence tell us about their society and how they lived?  This Golden Age, kept alive by Homer’s poetry, tells the story of an advanced society during a period in history adorned by wealth and legends, believed to have been circa 1450 to 1100 BC. Assembling the limited evidence reveals the art and architecture of the Mycenaean World. The remains of the palaces show evidence of a rich civilisation. The later Greeks referred to this period as a Golden Age when â€Å"men were bigger and stronger than they are now† (Homer’s Iliad). This is a fascinating era glorified with heroes and victory, which almost three millenniums later, still captures the curiosity of so many. The evidence used to reconstruct this period is questionable. There are archaeological finds, which include the sites and the artefacts. It is difficult to draw accurate conclusions from these due to their age. Then there are literary sources such as Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey. The problem with using these sources is that many people believe that Homer lived around 700BC, which means the stories he tells will have been greatly adapted to his period. Additionally, others argue that there is little evidence proving that the books are not purely fictional. Architecture and construction proves wealth and culture. Increasingly influenced by Crete, the Mycenaeans began to build palaces of their own. Initially they modelled them on Minoan architecture. This implies that they sailed across the sea. Later they began to develop huge fortifications. Palaces were built throughout Hellas. The most famous Greek palace of the Mycenaean period was found at Mycenae, the city of the legendary Agamemnon who was anax of the expedition against Troy. Others were found in Pylos, Thebes, Athens and Iolkos. They were logically constructed and shared the same features, which proves there was a link between them. They were obviously not isolated from one another. One may assume Mycenae was the main palace and possibly had a primitive infrastructure connecting it to the other sites.  The centre of the palace was a columned porch called a megaron (figure 1). A throne would have also been found on one side. This implies they had a King who held an important role in society. The first floor appeared to have been used for storage and the second floor was where the women lived. The materials used to construct these buildings include stone blocks, mud brick, bonding timber and plaster, which proves the Mycenaeans were a resourceful, organised society. Their building technique is known as corbelling, where each successive row of stones in a wall is laid further out than the previous one below it. The palace of Pylos was the only one not to be fortified by huge walls, one of the main features of Mycenaean palaces. There were three types of citadels: polygonal (various shaped blocks neatly fitted together), ashlar (squared blocks neatly fitted  Cyclopean walls 2 The Lions’ Gate   together) and finally the famous cyclopean walls (huge, irregular stones yielding massive walls) called so because they were so large that it was believed only a Cyclops could have built them (figure 3). The walls at the palace of Mycenae, where The Lions’ Gate was uncovered in 1841, are 1100 meters long, protecting the dominating power of the Peloponnese (figure 4).  These massive defences also show that the Mycenaeans felt the need to protect themselves from external threats. Houses were built below the citadel, which implies a close community. They were generally self-sufficient homes with a kitchen, altar and hearth. Their furniture was varied and frequently included a plaster bench, tables, foot-stoles and even bathtubs. Their homes appear to have been comfortable.  More isolated homes were also uncovered in the hills (i.e. Mouriatada, on the west coast). The constructions were smaller and did not use such high quality masonry but did include a megaron and private houses. One may deduce from this that wealth peaked in and around the palaces. Water supplies were an equally important construction to ensure survival and well-being. The palace of Athens had a well, built within the walls, making it accessible, even if they were threatened by a siege.  The cistern built at Mycenae at the end of the 13th century, extended underground beyond the walls, making it more vulnerable (figure 5).  The Mycenaeans learned from the Minoans, in crafts, in efficient organisation and in writing. This is concluded from the similar architecture, tablets and pottery found. The wave of palace destructions on Crete around 1450 and the eventual fall of Knossos around1375 marked the start of the most flourishing period for the Mycenaeans. New pottery shapes and styles began. They produced three handled jars, kraters (large bowls) and kylikes (goblets with long stems). Backgrounds were being painted red or black as opposed to light, matt tones. Forms appeared more natural, like the Minoan art. They began to use floral decorations.  Next, the Mycenaean Age adopted geometric patterns and abstract forms on its pottery. They made stirrup jars, yet another indication of Minoan influence. As the civilisation reached its height, so did the art. Vases were mass-produced for export as well as for use on the main land. Evidence of objects from afar were found at the Palace of Knossos, in Crete, which shows signs of huge wealth, probably due to the position of the island, the cross road of the Mediterranean in circa 1400 BC. The Mycenaeans were equally as good tradesmen as the Minoans. Their pottery was found in Sicily, Rhodes, Cyprus, Italy, Asia Minor, Northern Syria and Miletus, which suggests they were good sailors and traded with the east Mediterranean and Europe. In some places their influence seems so strong that one could think that they had permanent strongholds there, what we may consider today a colonisation. However, they were not able to enter Asia Minor because of the Hittites, described as a strong, troublesome civilisation.

Lawyers, Scientists Urge Ethics in Biological Advances

In this news article, the concerns of scientists toward an amoral approach to the advances of biological sciences and engineering are examined. Much of the article centers on a keynote address delivered by Harvard Law School professor Einer Elhauge where the professor states â€Å"The issue is that people tend not to focus on the consequences of certain forms of human re-engineering.†The professor goes on to comment that the great strides in biological science may yield a great number of advances in helping humanity overcome a number of diseases and afflictions, but he also acknowledges that there is great potential for abuse. Examples of such abuse include issues such as altering the sex of a child in the womb or even a deaf family biologically engineering the deafness of their offspring.Ultimately, the Elhuage’s focus is to convince the scientific community that, even though it has biological technology to alter evolution, it should use ethical standards before embark ing on the proverbial â€Å"playing God† concept that Mary Shelly warned science about 250+ years ago.To a great degree, the article is accurate in terms of its presentation and call for moral and ethical consciousness. Just because science reaches the technological or biological advances of a highly evolved society does not mean that science can now re-orchestrate what is considered morally acceptable in the hearts and minds of the population. As such, science should understand the limits of ethical and moral behavior and not approach advancements with total mindlessness and amorality.Congressman Calls out Tech Firms on China Ethics.The bulk of the purpose of this article is to put the onus on American and international businesses to reconsider their actions when empowering China by conducting extensive business with the nation.In the article, it is reported that Congressman Chris Smith has taken internet companies such as Yahoo, Google, Sysco Systems, etc to task for going along with China’s internet censorship program. This may not seem like an entirely important issue, but one needs to keep in mind that China is primarily a military-industrial complex dictatorship that has a horrible record for human rights violations. As Smith points out, when American businesses work in tandem with nations with such abominable track records they enable such dictatorships and help perpetuate significant human rights violations.Furthermore, it is noted that journalists in China have been censured and punished and imprisoned for exercising their free speech. Smith suggests that American businesses that contribute to such a scenario should be fined and sanctioned.What Smith is essentially doing here is he is compelling American companies to conform to ethical standards of behavior and that is commendable. However, these companies have limited ability in terms of being able to shape domestic Chinese law. Furthermore, in such a highly competitive international bu siness environment, it is difficult to impose ethics as defined by one nation onto another nation, no matter how noble the cause. Smith’s statements are commendable, but it is not entirely clear if they will be successful.Ethics board fines Dow for giving state workers airplane rideAs the title of the article infers, the center of the ethics controversy this article deals with is a fine levied at Dow Chemicals to the tune of $2,500.00 for flying three state college employees to an out of state training program. At the time of the issue of contention, Dow was launching a co-operative training program with the state college (Louisiana Community and Technical College) and provided free airline tickets to employees for meeting purposes. This, however, was a violation of state ethic laws, hence the fine.This scenario strikes one as, well, silly. For Dow to compensate the airline tickets of three state workers so all parties can hash out a co-operative venture hardly seems like une thical behavior, although it is defined as such under state ethics laws. While the whole scenario comes off as much ado about nothing (actually, $2500 to a multi-billion dollar company such as Dow is basically nothing), it technically is a violation of state laws and the levied fine is valid. However, it does not seem like any real, serious ethical violations actually took place.If anything, the situation appears more like an error as the result of an oversight as opposed to a deliberate ethical violation. Oversights, however, are not an excuse for not following directions. In that regard, the decision against Dow was valid and the fine levied justified.BibliographyAnon. (2007, February 9) Ethics board fines Dow for giving state workers airplane ride.The Associated Press.   Retrieved February 12, 2007 fromhttp://money.aol.com/news/ articles/_a/ethics-board-fines-dow-for-giving-state/n20070209095709990003Schwankert, Steven.   (2007, February 12) Congressman Calls out Tech Firms o nChina Ethics. IDG News Service, Retrieved February 12, 2007, fromhttp://www.infoworld.com//07/02/12/HNcongressmanchinaethics_1.html/article/ sourcedomain =www.dailyfreepress.com&MIIHost=media.collegepublisher.comZerey, Ralpha. (2007, February 12) Lawyers, Scientists Urge Ethics in BiologicalAdvances. The Daily Free Press. Retrieved February 12, 2007, fromhttp://media.www.dailyfreepress.com/media/storage/paper87/news/2007/02/12/News/Lawyers.Scientists.Urge.Ethics.In.Biological.Advances-2712941.shtml?

Organic Synthesis Sterine, (S)-Phenyl-1-Propanol and 1, Assignment

Organic Synthesis Sterine, (S)-Phenyl-1-Propanol and 1, 4-Dyhydrobenzoic Acid - Assignment Example Synthesis of organic compounds takes two forms; total or methodology. In total synthesis a whole organic compound is formed from naturally available substances. It involves many procedures until a complete compound is constructed. In the process, a variety of compounds are formed which are called intermediates. Alternatively, methodology approach put more emphasis on the process that gives good yield. Therefore, The reactions are manipulated to meet quality checks.(S)-Phenyl-1-propanol is a liquid whose boiling point and density is 94.5oC and 0.99g/cm3 respectively. It is viscous and mixes with organic solvents like benzene and toluene but does not dissolve in water. It is mostly used to transfer heat in thermal systems. On safety front, the substance is not classified as dangerous, however, it can cause harmful effects when swallowed or come into contacts with parts of the body like eyes and skin. One of the methods of preparing it is reacting benzeldehyde with diethylzinc and (Dime thylamino)isoborneol. DAIB is strong electron oxidant used in many chemical reactions. 1, 4-dihydrobenzoic acid is formed through reduction of benzoic acid in sodium dissolved in ammonia by a process called birch reaction. Generally, when benzene having an electron donating substituent are reduced, 1,4-dihydro compounds are formed.Styrene or vinyl benzene is a colourleess viscous liquid that is highly volatile. It is also a monomer used to produce polystyrene which has wide applications in plastic packaging.

The changing market environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The changing market environment - Essay Example The markets have transformed to international from local. With the increase in the exposure to masses and increased geographical market coverage, the need of quick and up to date information has also increased. With the changing business environment the buyers are also changing. With the increasing incomes the buyers have become more selective. For a company to launch its product in a new market it has become important to have the information from the buyer needs to buyer wants. On the other hand it is also important to have the knowledge of how to present the product in effective manner in order to reach the customer in an effective manner. With the changing business needs the new marketing techniques such as product differentiation, branding and advertising are also gaining immense importance. This paper is aimed at finding out the appropriate marketing communication strategy for Jalsberg cheese which is a famous branded cheese in American Market and ready to be marketed in new Eur opean market. Norseland Inc. was founded in 1978. The purpose of the company was to market and distribute Jarlsberg and other Norwegian cheese in United States. The Company is a 100% owned subsidiary of TINE Norwegian Diaries, which has the main responsibility for the production and marketing of Jarlsberg cheese. Introduction of Product: Jalsberg cheese has some snob appeal. Customers want to show they have 'good taste'. Without complaining they accept the higher price of Jalsberg compared to other competitive products. The mild and creamy taste appeals to Americans, and many think that the taste of the traditional Swiss cheese, Emmenthaie is too sharp Present market: Jalsberg cheese has a major supply share in the US cheese market. The characteristics of typical Jalsberg buyer are: Female Earning more than US$ 80,000 per year. Over 40 years Now the company is aiming to introduce its Cheese brand Jalsberg in the newly extended European market. In order to undertake successful brand positioning Norseland has to design a marketing communication strategy, which should be crafted according to the European market conditions and consumer behaviour. The successful product positioning and promotion is only possible if all the required information in this lieu is gathered and used in the right direction. In order to fulfil modern information needs, new information technologies have also been evolved. The information regarding the buyer preferences and behaviour plays an important part in helping the management to take important decisions regarding the product such as

Case Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Case Summary - Essay Example Through it has quick response to emerging issues the WFP has been in the frontline in offering food to those in need. Offering of nutritional foods aims at helping in solving the random cases of malnutrition diseases globally. This mainly solves the rampant cases among children. Most of the children conceived in most developing countries are often characterized by malnutrition diseases such as rickets and marasmus among others. The program aims at reducing such cases by providing the proper diet for the affected children, as well as for expectant and lactating mothers to help in curbing these diseases. However, the program has been the fastest respondent of natural calamities on their occurrence. During the January 2010 earthquake in Haiti, the WFP responded quickly to the problem and helped in providing food to the residents. They provided about 9,000 metric tons of food to about 2,000 civilians. This is among the many great achievements of the WFP in serving the world by providing them with food. Despites the WFP’s great undertakings, there are instances where during their service delivery; they are faced with dangerous attacks from their rivals thus affecting their service to the affected community. However, the WFP remains committed to its service delivery as long as there are those in need of their generosity. In regard to professionalism, professional ethics is what brings about the accountability among the staff members. Through the implementation of the International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS), the program has promoted accountability among the staff members. The international financial standards help in ensuring accountability among the staffs. They also help in the allocation of funds and their respective accountability. Through the WFP’s generosity, there are numerous beneficiaries of the program’s project of the food delivery. There are beneficiaries who benefit from the WFP through their emergency response

Causes and effects of globalization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Causes and effects of globalization - Essay Example the importance of multinationals operating in their nation and as companies recognized the importance of expanding their business globally (Ritzer, 2007, p.70). Decrease in trade barriers such as quota systems and import, export duties even became an underlining reason that promoted globalization. When trade barriers were removed, consumers realized that they can obtain goods and services at much lesser prices as compared to the goods and products available and produced locally. Globalization was even created as organizations and nations understood the importance of technological advancements that were taking place in other regions and due to their desire to obtain these technological advancements. Globalization has been impacting humankind both in negative and positive way. This process has increased job opportunities for the workforce throughout the world, now people can find employment anywhere around the world. Another positive effect was that the developing nations have started working for developed nations which aided in solving the problem of unemployment rate in these nations. Due to globalization, interaction between cultures increased and cultural boundaries became blurred, and due to this people of one nation started accepting and adopting the cultures of other

Answer the Qs theology faith and seeking Assignment

Answer the Qs theology faith and seeking - Assignment Example The fact that it is a source, as is the scripture, also identify its support for the scripture to facilitate understanding. In my life, tradition offers a basis for understanding my environment and factors to it such as how to interact with different types of people. Believing that God created the universe might make a difference in a person’s life by creating the person’s allegiance to a faith and its requirements. The belief allows God’s influence on a person’s life as the person feels obligation to follow a religion’s rules. ethical conscience then develops to dictate the person’s life. The problem of evil fails to prove that God does not exist because it does not explain the role of humans in the presence and consequences of evil. God gave humans freedom of choice that creates evil. Explaining that humans do not exercise the freedom and God then failed to solve the problem would be the

Has the emergence of social enterprise provided an alternative to Literature review

Has the emergence of social enterprise provided an alternative to local governments role of providing social well-being - Literature review Example dings of private conversations within the community of social enterprises and discussion of their role within the society, which might undermine the role and need for a local government enterprise in some areas as well. The literature is organised in a manner to facilitate a step-wise understanding of the role of social enterprise in relation to that of the government in provision of social well-being. The paper begins with exploration of the origin of a social enterprise and then putting forth an argument that states that social enterprises can work without much intervention from the government. The review then organises itself for identifying the role of social enterprises and local government in these societal existence and explores various categories that gather instances to depict how social enterprises and the local government act as complements and supplements. It then goes on to discuss why social enterprises can replace local government’s role and concludes in highlighting the similar view. The resource dependency theory states that there exist exchange relationships between firms and their external environment. To make sure that such firms survive long, social enterprises source resources that are the key to attain objectives. The resource dependency theory is relevant in the context of a social enterprise because the board member want to sources resources from all possible places beyond the social economy. Companies tend to rely on scare financial resources and therefore devise strategies to recruit directors who have the ability to influence the world with a view to get the desired resources. The stewardship theory states that corporate governance and the board can influence the behaviour of other people within the organization by performing the role of an advisor and strategy maker. The manager here plays the role of a steward rather than a profit seeker. In case of social enterprises, the stewardship theory is being extensively used because of

Review essay on Henry Jenkins concepts Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Review on Henry Jenkins concepts - Essay Example In the contemporary world, every aspect of human life is influenced by the rapid changes in communications, storytelling and information technologies which affect the ways in which people interact with each other. As Jenkins maintains, media convergence cannot be comprehended as mere technological shift, because it alters the relationship between existing technologies, industries, markets, genres and audiences. Jenkins makes a significant contribution to the understanding of the contradictory nature of media change through the theory of media convergence which indicates sites of tension and transition in the media environment. â€Å"The American media environment is now being shaped by two seemingly contradictory trends: on the one hand, new media technologies have lowered production and distribution costs, expanded the range of available delivery channels and enabled consumers to archive, annotate, appropriate and re-circulate media content in powerful new ways; on the other hand, there has been an alarming concentration of the ownership of mainstream commercial media, with a small handful of multinational media conglomerates dominating all sectors of the entertainment industry.† (Jenkins 2004, P 33). Therefore, it is essential to comprehend that Henry Jenkins has made incredible contribution to the understanding of new media and this paper makes a reflective exploration of Jenkins as a key theorist of new media and media convergence from the perspective of its users and participatory culture. Henry Jenkins has been recognized as one of America’s most respected media analysts and he has made essential contribution to the understanding of new media and media convergence. Significantly, Jenkins makes an important attempt to expose the various cultural transformations taking place as media converge in his work Convergence

Charles Chocolate case Essay Example for Free

Charles Chocolate case Essay Traelene beals â€Å"9am Friday† First, a formal case analysis This should be written in a business style format using short paragraphs and sentences, self-explanatory headings, and any figures/tables that would facilitate reading. Reports are to be no longer than 2000 words (excluding appendices Issues to be addressed – No measures of productivity or efficiaency in the plant- no way of telling if the plant was doing a good job. Difficult demand forcasting due to seasonality of sales. 2 new stores had ok type sales. Best clients of Wholesale sales changed focus on cheaper items and also own products. Sales agents could be fired with 90 days notice. Other parts of US haven’t heard of us. Of the 221 wholesale customers purchase just $1000 worth of products. Other 125 purchase between 1000 and 2000 per year. Sales agents, don’t know how to represent the all products. Speculating future orders from wholesale clients to customize boxes and logos-waste of capital. 60% of the total online/phone orders were from existing customers. Online sales haven’t grown – orders processed within 3-4 days. Why ship internationaly(only 5%)—Antartica Really Summer problem at Sandwich heaven – why did staff leave? How to get new staff in this tight labour market. Marketing service – old fashioned — Undefined Target market? Packaging ? (tourists publicatins, seasonal print media and radio spots) How to increase awareness without diluting the brand. Leverage on solid search engine raankings to promote online sales Basic website, reminder service to customers-good/bad? Sales agents dint provide links to top accounts. Companies revenues had grown because of Sandwich heaven(franchising) High reliability on tourism. Corporate gift marketing – 25% discount – market was good – Explore boston ? ice cream sales Increase retail penetration? Acquire a niche chocolate company? What about the tradiotnal brand name? Internal capacity? Relocate factory? Background Charles produced high-quality, hand wrapped chocolates, Portland creams. Best quality, many loyal customers across the world. Huge factory(24000 sq foot)-owned-. Only 75 retail and 35 production employees, 20 in management. Working hours 7am-4pm(each day). Leverage long shelf life Wholesale production required early planning and online sales required late production†¦ Production planning was completed by data distortions arising from out-of stock and over stock issues. – out of stock-over production – killed the pricing – by discount pricing. Special orders put the whole order on a stand still Retail stores provided 50% of sales. – Wholesale had 30% of sales – Charles is just used as an add on product. Online and phone – online 4% of total sales. –phone is 6% of total sales60% of all these orders were from regular orders.. Avg sales $138 by phone and $91 from website†¦High growth industry†¦ Sandwich heaven – 10% of sales Industry High demand for organic/dark chocolate- anti oxidant properties.

Consumer Perception Towards Local Branded Jewellery

Consumer Perception Towards Local Branded Jewellery Till the early 1990s, the average Indian bought jewellery for investment rather than for adornment. Jewellery made of 18-karat gold was not favoured as it was considered a poor investment. Confidence in the local jeweller was the hallmark of the gold jewellery trade in India. A jeweller or goldsmith in a local area had a fixed and loyal clientele. The buyer had implicit faith in his jeweller. Additionally, the local jeweller catered to the local taste for traditional jewellery. However, since the late 1990s, there was a shift in consumer tastes: women were increasingly opting for fashionable and lightweight jewellery instead of traditional chunky jewellery. There was a rise in demand for lightweight jewellery, especially from consumers in the 16 to 25 age group, who regarded jewellery as an accessory and not an investment. The new millennium witnessed a definite change in consumer preferences. Branded jewellery also gained acceptance forcing traditional jewellers to go in for branding. Given the opportunities the branded jewellery market offered; the number of gold retailers in the country increased sharply. Branded players such as Tanishq, Oyzterbay, Gili and Carbon opened outlets in various parts of the country. Traditional jewellers also began to bring out lightweight jewellery, and some of them even launched their in-house brands. However, the share of branded jewellery in the total jewellery market was still small (about Rs. 10 billion of the Rs. 400 billion per annum jewellery market in 2002), though growing at a pace of 20 to 30 percent annually. The branded jewellery segment occupied only a small share of the total jewellery market because of the mindset of the average Indian buyer who still regarded jewellery as an investment. Moreover, consumers trusted only their family jewellers when buying jewellery. Consequently, the branded jewellery players tried to change the mindset of the people and woo customers with attractive designs at affordable prices. However branded jewellery players will continue to face lot of competition from local jewellers. In order to gain market share, they will have to come up with designs that customers want and win the trust and confidence of consumers by hallmarking and demonstrating the purity of the gold used by them. To compete with traditional players, branded players must also find some way to differentiate themselves. While the success of a particular brand will depend on differentiation, affordability and quality will be a key element in sustaining a brand. In addition, branded players require focused advertising and astute salesmanship to compete with traditional jewellers. Besides the major brands- Tanishq, Carbon, Oyzterbay, Gili and Trendsmith several regional players have opened branches to leverage the trust and reputation that they have built up over the years. AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY AIM: To have the Detail Study research on CONSUMER PERCEPTION TOWARDS LOCAL BRANDED JEWELLARY IN RECENT TRENDS with my Theoretical knowledge in a practical way and to have a detail knowledge about the consumers behavior in India towards local and branded jewellery . OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY: A comparative study on the consumers Perception towards Local and none branded jewellery is to find out: To compare between the consumer preference among the branded and non branded jewellery. To know consumer perception towards jewellery. Brand awareness of various brands in the jewellery market. To have an idea about the parameters the consumers consider while buying jewellery. CHAPTER 2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY TYPE OF RESEARCH Exploratory research: Exploratory research is a form of research conducted for a problem that has not been clearly defined. Exploratory research helps determine the best research design, data collection method and selection of subjects. It should draw definitive conclusions only with extreme caution. Given its fundamental nature, exploratory research often concludes that a perceived problem does not actually exist. DEVELOPING THE RESEARCH PLAN: The data for this research project would be collected through questionnaire. A structured questionnaire would be framed as it is less time consuming, generates specific and to the point information, easier to tabulate and interpret. Moreover respondents prefer to give direct answers. COLLECTION OF DATA: Secondary Data: Secondary data was collected from internal sources. The secondary data was collected from the articles, newspapers, journals and internet. Primary data: Respondents were the main source of Primary data. The method of collection of primary data would be direct personal interview and also with a structured questionnaire. Tools and Techniques Used For Data Analysis: Survey Questionnaire Statistical Tool Sampling Sample size: 50 people (mostly working) Sampling Method: Convenience sampling among focus groups selected CHAPTER 3 GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION GRAPHS AND TABLES REGARDS TO RESEARCH Sample Description During our research we try to focus on ladies who are working in Bangalore city. We surveyed 50 people (all female). Graphical Representation: 1. What is your monthly income? https://chart.googleapis.com/chart?cht=pchs=345150chco=ff9900chl=Less%20than%20%20%5B8%5D%7C10000%20%E2%80%93%205%20%5B18%5D%7C50000%20%E2%80%93%201%20%5B16%5D%7CMore%20than%20%20%5B8%5Dchd=e%3AKPXCUeKP Less than 10,000 16% 10000 50000 36% 50000 100000 32% More than 1000000 16% 2. Have you ever bought jewellery for someone or yourself? https://chart.googleapis.com/chart?cht=pchs=345150chco=d00000chl=Yes%20%5B36%5D%7CNo%20%5B14%5Dchd=e%3AuER6 Yes 36 72% No 14 28% 3. How often do you purchase jewellery? https://chart.googleapis.com/chart?cht=pchs=345150chco=dcca02chl=Once%20in%203%20%5B11%5D%7COnce%20in%206%20%5B17%5D%7COnce%20a%20year%20%5B22%5Dchd=e%3AOEVwcJ Once in 3 months 22% Once in 6 months 34% Once a year 44% 4. Are you aware of the various brands of cosmetic jewellery? https://chart.googleapis.com/chart?cht=pchs=345150chco=00d000chl=Yes%20%C2%A0%20%5B35%5D%7CNo%20%5B15%5Dchd=e%3AsyTM Yes 35 70% No 15 30% 5. Which company do you prefer when it comes to buying branded jewellery? chart.png Tanishq 42% D damas 24% Gitanjali jewels 14% Bhima jewellers 2% Nakshatra 4% I dont have a preference 14% 6. You use cosmetic branded jewellery at: https://chart.googleapis.com/chart?cht=pchs=345150chco=0000e0chl=Casual%20Pa%20%5B19%5D%7COutings%20%5B13%5D%7CFormal%20Occ%20%5B4%5D%7CFamily%20ev%20%5B10%5D%7CI%20don%E2%80%99t%20us%20%5B4%5Dchd=e%3AYUQoFHMzFH Casual Parties 38% Outings 26% Formal Occasions 8% Family events 20% I dont use them 8% 7. Does your buying behavior change as per the occasion? https://chart.googleapis.com/chart?cht=pchs=345150chco=ff9900chl=Yes%20%5B33%5D%7CNo%20%5B17%5Dchd=e%3AqOVw Yes 33 66% No 17 34% 8. What kind of material would you prefer jewellery to be made of mostly? https://chart.googleapis.com/chart?cht=pchs=345150chco=d00000chl=Gold%20%5B27%5D%7CPlatinum%20%5B14%5D%7CSilver%20%5B4%5D%7CPrecious%20s%20%5B5%5Dchd=e%3AijR6FHGZ Gold 54% Platinum 28% Silver 8% Precious stones 10% 9. Which product in jewellery you buy most ? https://chart.googleapis.com/chart?cht=pchs=345150chco=dcca02chl=Earrings%20%5B27%5D%7CBangles%20%5B13%5D%7CNecklace%20%5B5%5D%7CChains%20%5B5%5Dchd=e%3AijQoGZGZ Earrings 27 54% Bangles 13 26% Necklace 5 10% Chains 5 10% 10. Are you willing to pay for better design and quality of jewellery? https://chart.googleapis.com/chart?cht=pchs=345150chco=00d000chl=Yes%20%5B39%5D%7CNo%20%5B11%5Dchd=e%3Ax6OE Yes 39 78% No 11 22% 11. What is your awareness about hallmarked jewellery? 1 no awareness 0% 2 little awareness 30% 3 moderately aware 44% 4 well aware 26% https://chart.googleapis.com/chart?cht=pchs=345150chco=9601acchl=1%20-%20no%20awa%20%5B0%5D%7C2%20-%20littl%20%5B15%5D%7C3%20-%20moder%20%5B22%5D%7C4%20-%20well%20%20%5B13%5Dchd=e%3AAATMcJQo 12. Would you rather wear modern cosmetic jewellery or traditional ones? Modern 58% Traditional 30% Depends on the occasion 12% https://chart.googleapis.com/chart?cht=pchs=345150chco=0000e0chl=Modern%20%5B29%5D%7CTraditional%20%5B15%5D%7CDepends%20on%20%5B6%5Dchd=e%3AlHTMHr 13. Do you consider buying an investment rather than a simple cosmetic purchase? Yes 30 60% No 20 40% https://chart.googleapis.com/chart?cht=pchs=345150chco=ff9900chl=Yes%20%5B30%5D%7CNo%20%5B20%5Dchd=e%3AmZZm 14. Do you gift or are you usually gifted branded jewellery for occasions? Yes 25 50% No 25 50% https://chart.googleapis.com/chart?cht=pchs=345150chco=d00000chl=Yes%20%5B25%5D%7CNo%20%5B25%5Dchd=e%3Af.f. 15. With the rising cost, do you still believe in buying gold to keep up traditions? No, its a needless expense 24% Yes ,traditions are important 76% https://chart.googleapis.com/chart?cht=pchs=345150chco=dcca02chl=No%2C%20it%E2%80%99s%20%20%5B12%5D%7CYes%20%2Ctrad%20%5B38%5Dchd=e%3APWwo 16. Have you ever taken advantage of jewellery exchange programs? https://chart.googleapis.com/chart?cht=pchs=345150chco=00d000chl=Yes%20%5B23%5D%7CNo%20%5B27%5Dchd=e%3Adbij Yes 23 46% No 27 54% CHAPTER 4 DATA ANALYSIS Table A Frequency of Purchase Once in 3 months 22% Once in 6 months 34% Once a year 44% Table B Brand Preference. Tanishq 42% D damas 24% Gitanjali jewels 14% Bhima jewellers 2% Nakshatra 4% I dont have a preference 14% Table C Willing to pay for better design and quality of jewellery Yes 78% No 22% Table D Awareness about hallmarked jewellery 1 no awareness 0% 2 little awareness 30% 3 moderately aware 44% 4 well aware 26% Table E Modern or traditional jewellery Modern 58% Traditional 30% Depends on the occasion 12% Table F Jewellery exchange programs Yes 46% No 54% According to table A, 44% people purchase jewellery once a year. Table B shows that tanishq is the most preferred brand out of the other brands in jewellery. Table C shows that 78% of the people are willing to pay for better design and quality of jewellery. Table D depicts that 44% people are moderately aware about hallmarked jewellery. Table E shows that 58% people prefer modern jewellery . Table F shows that 46% have taken advantage of jeweler exchange programs CHAPTER 5 LIMITATIONS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS LIMITATIONS OF STUDY Bound to only Bangalore city The limitation of the study is it is limited to only the main city area of Bangalore and ignores the samples from the smaller parts of the district. The buying behaviour of an individual varies from place to place. Awareness- the sample taken and the conclusion drawn can be led to only one side if there is lack of awareness about branded jewellery Sample size- The sample size of the study is only 50 which would not give a comprehensive result. Many important samples may not be considered at all. The conclusion of the study may not result to an accurate outcome due to the sample size being small CONCLUSION It has been concluded from the research that the women sector especially the working women play a great role in purchase of branded jewellery. Branded jewellery is extremely essential. The branded jewellery segment occupied only a small share of the total jewellery market because of the mindset of the average Indian buyer who still regarded jewellery as an investment. The scenario of the Indian customers is still the same as before. The branded jewelers face an enormous amount of competition from the local jewellery dealers. However the present generation does give a lot of importance to the branded jewellery and the awareness is actually growing to a great extent in todays scenario. Nearly 22% of the working women purchase jewellery only once a year and nearly 35% of the ladies are aware of the cosmetic jewellery which shows that the trend is changing to greater extent.44% of the women are aware of hallmark jewellery which is a positive sign for the branded jewellery industry. Today the scenario has changed where people not only buy gold as an investment but also for adornment .60% buy as an investment whereas 40% buy for the sake of adornment which is still a positive sign. The women today especially who are working are ready to welcome the new upcoming fashion in a large scale. If branded jewellery are planning to enter the Indian market then advertising strategies need to be extremely strong as the notion of the public needs to be transformed. RECOMMENDATIONS It is recommended that the number of branded jewellers should increase their outlets and the number of sales should increase .As the present generation working women are ready to adapt to branded jewellery. People prefer various cosmetic jewellery and would be ready to welcome them if advertisements are introduced to promote them. At present 70% of the people are aware of cosmetic jewellery .Gold sector should be concentrated and tried to develop as compared to other sectors like diamond , platinum, silver etc. as the percentage of people interested in gold is 27% which is the highest compared to the other avenues. The research indicates that 39% are willing to pay more for better design and quality of the jewellery so the branded jewellery sector must make optimum use of this opportunity and enter the market. Appendix Summary of responses through online research: Excel Sheet Attached Responses.xls QUESTIONNAIRE 1) What is your monthly income? Less than 10,000 10000 50000 50000 100000 More than 1000000 2Have you ever bought jewellery for someone or yourself? Yes No 3) How often do you purchase jewellery? Once in 3 months Once in 6 months Once a year 4) Are you aware of the various brands of cosmetic jewellery? Yes No 5) Which company do you prefer when it comes to buying branded jewellery? Tanishq D damas Gitanjali jewels Bhima jewellers Nakshatra I dont have a preference 6) You use cosmetic branded jewellery at: Casual Parties Outings Formal Occasions Family events I dont use them 7) Does your buying behaviour change as per the occasion? Yes No 8) What kind of material would you prefer jewellery to be made of mostly? Gold Platinum Silver Precious stones 9) Which product in jewellery you buy most? Earrings Bangles Necklace Chains 10) Are you willing to pay for better design and quality of jewellery? Yes No 11) What is your awareness about hallmarked jewellery? Choose any number from 1 to 4. 1-no awareness 2-little awareness 3-moderately aware 4-well aware 12) Would you rather wear modern cosmetic light weight corrosion resistant jewellery or traditional ones? Modern traditional depends on the occasion 13) Do you consider buying jewellery an investment rather than a simple cosmetic purchase? Yes no 14) Do you gift or are you usually gifted branded jewellery for occasions? Yes no 15) With the rising cost of gold, do you still believe in brides buying so much gold to keep up traditions? No, its a needless expense Yes, traditions are important 16) Have you ever taken advantage of jewellery exchange programs? Yes No