Generalized Anxiety Disorder Case Study

Generalized Anxiety Disorder Case Study Case Study: Anxiety Answer Sheet Diagnosing Tina Student Name: Robert Gianella Diagnosing Generalized Anxiety Disorder: 1a. Refer to the DSM-IV checklist for generalized anxiety disorder. Which of Tinas symptoms meet any of the criteria? (Be sure to match specific symptoms with specific criteria.) 1b. Based upon your review of Tinas symptoms and the diagnostic criteria, could Tina be diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder or not (and if not, why not)? Diagnosing Specific Phobia: 2a. Refer to the DSM-IV checklist for specific phobia. Which of Tina’s symptoms meet any of the criteria? (Be sure to match specific symptoms with specific criteria.) 2b. Does Tina have a specific phobia and if yes, what is the feared object? Diagnosing Panic Disorder: 3a. Refer to the DSM-IV checklist for panic disorder with agoraphobia and the checklist for panic disorder without agoraphobia. Which of Tina’s symptoms meet any of the criteria? (Be sure to match any specific symptoms with specific criteria.) 3b. Does Tina meet the diagnostic criteria for panic disorder with agoraphobia or panic disorder without agoraphobia or neither? Explain why you believe your choice is the most appropriate diagnosis. Understanding Tina’s Disorders: 1. How would the Socio-Cultural Perspective explain Tinas GAD? 2. Explain Tinas GAD from the Existential Perspective. 3. Explain Tina’s GAD from the Cognitive Perspective (please identify any basic irrational assumptions that Tina is making, even if they may be unspoken). 4. Explain Tina’s Phobia from a Behavioral Perspective (please use classical conditioning as a possible example). 5. Explain Tina’s Phobia from a Psychodynamic Perspective. 6. Considering the biological correlates or causes of Tinas panic disorder, what role does the neurotransmitter norepinephrine play in her panic disorder? 7. What does Tinas locus ceruleus have to do with her panic disorder? 8. What role might GABA play in her symptoms? Treating Tina 1. Which Psychodynamic technique has been found to be the most useful in the treatment of GAD? 2. Explain why a humanistic approach would be helpful in treating Tinas GAD. 3. How might you use Rational-Emotive Therapy to treat Tina’s GAD? 4. How would Systematic Desensitization be used to treat Tina’s phobia of bridges? 5. What medications have proven useful for treatment with panic disorder? 6. What role could cognitive therapy play in Tinas treatment for panic disorder? 7. Considering that Tina may be treated for comorbid disorders, how do you see the treatments for the various disorders complementing each other? 8. Is there any reason to think that any of the treatments would be contraindicated when utilized together? Explain why/how or why/how not.

Knowles Separate Peace Essays: Character Traits :: Separate Peace Essays

Character Traits in A Separate Peace In the book A Separate Peace by John Knowles, one of the main themes is the effects of realism, idealism, and isolationism on Brinker, Phineas, and Gene. Though not everyone can be described using one of these approaches to life, the approaches completely conform to these characters to create one realist, one idealist, and one isolationist; thereby providing the foundation of the novel. The realist is Brinker. Brinker's realism takes on a very morbid quality after Gene decides not to enlist with him, do to Phineas's return to Devon. Brinker still sees everything the way it is, but begins to think that the way it is, is bad. On page 122, he is quoted as saying, "Frankly, I just don't see anything to celebrate, winter or spring or anything else." Brinker will scrutinize any incident until he finds a dark side to it, because, in his mind, at least one side of everything is a dark side. Already we have the footing for our climax. Phineas (Finny) is the idealist. Like Brinker, Finny's approach experiences a grim metamorphoses. Before his accident, Finny sees the world as a glorious playing field and life as a never ending game. After his accident; however, Finny begins to view the world through the eyes of a paranoid old man who is always seeing something covert in everything. On page 106, Finny even goes as far as to ask Gene, "Do you really think that the United States of America is in a state of war with Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan?" This outlook is a mental facade that only succeeds in setting Finny up for a harder fall. Finally there is the isolationist, Gene. Gene's approach is austere from the beginning. It is Gene who generates the dark change in the others. Gene looks for danger in everything he is emotionally close to. When he finds danger, he ostracizes himself from whatever it is that is posing a threat to him. If he can not find danger, as with Finny, he creates it. On page 45 he strives so hard to create danger in Finny that he falsely concludes that, "Finny had deliberately set out to wreck my studies." This creates the story's

The Role of Religion in the Formation of America Essay example -- Amer

The Role of Religion in the Formation of America Religion has played a large role throughout History. Entire nations have been founded on the ideals of one religion or another, and many wars have been fought purely for religious reasons. In fact there are wars still going on that are almost completely religiously motivated. New Religions may form, old religions may die or change, but they will always be a part of our culture and society. Religion always seems to play a large role in the formation of societies and cultures, and the history of the United States is no different from that of the rest of the world. Religion played a major role in the formation of the United States of America. More specifically between 1607 when American was first settled as British Colonies and the 1850’s. In the United States religion has indirectly caused two wars and been the reason for many reforms. Additionally, the Massachusetts Bay Colony, which was one of the earliest colonies created, was started as a religious haven for the Purit ans. This in turn led to other colonies in the north being formed for religious reasons as well. The Early Northern Colonies were founded exclusively for religious reasons. The Massachusetts Bay Colony, which was the first Northern Colony created, was created so that the Puritans could escape the religious turmoil in Britain at the time. As James A. Henretta, David Brody, and Lynn Dumenil point out in America a Concise History, the Puritans believed that religion should have more power over the government. In other words the laws of the bible were more important then the laws of the state (45). In John Winthrop’s famous speech, â€Å"The Modell of Christian Charity,† he speaks of a few ideals, which sha... ...American’s lives today has diminished, but I disagree. Religion still does play a large role in our lives, but it has gone through many reforms as it has many times in the past. People need something to believe in, whether it is Christianity, Judaism, Muslim or Science, and those beliefs have and always will influence the path that our society takes. Works Cited Henretta, James A, David Brody, Lynn Dumenil. America A Concise History Volume 1: To 1877. New York: Bedford/St. Martins, 1999. Mangus, Michael, ed. Retrieving the American Past. Boston, MA: Pearson Custom Publishing, 2001. Boyer, Paul, Stephen Nissenbaum, â€Å"Salem Possessed: The Social Origins of Witchcraft.† Mangus 73-81 Boyer, Paul, Stephen Nissenbaum, ed. â€Å"The Salem Witchcraft Papers: Verbatim Transcripts of the Legal Documents of the Salem Witchcraft Outbreak.† Mangus 94-98.

New York Day Women in Krik? Krack!

Nascine Coote English 102 Mrs. Tracy Nashel â€Å"New York Day Women† Suzette is curious mother about her mother, more than she is about her. It’s clearly that Suzette and her mother have conversations and gets along with just minor issues. However Suzette mother always assumes her daughter is fine and everything is going well for her. It’s clear that Suzette does not know a lot about her mother, and probably was not that close to her. One example is when Suzette was following her mother she stated â€Å"she didn’t know her mother her mother ate frankfurters,† but knows her mother should not eat nothing with sodium.Suzette’s mother is not interested in he daughter. Suzette’s mother was not too much interested in her personal life she always watch lottery on channel 11, and is okay with denture and claims her significant other does not kiss her as he use to, she have conversation with herself while in the kitchen peeling the skin off th e poultry. Suzette’s mother told her daughter how of a good stewardess she would be and how she know she was doing well in school so she didn’t evening had to find out anything from her teacher.The Narrator was curious to see what her was about and follows her to a park to find out what she was up to and she found out she attends to other peoples kids and bought food for him and gave more loving and interest in him that she ever receive. One example was when she peak in his big bird book as if she was very interested. Her daughter must be surprised by this because she has never showed interest in her especially the parents-teachers associate meetings she should have attended when she was a student in school. The Narrator also describes her mother family back home in Haiti.She lost six of her seven sisters in Ville Rose and never fined the strength to return for their funerals. She had a conversation with her daughter about sending clothes to Haiti, but she never really send those clothes and never travel back to Haiti. Suzette’s mother had plans of doing good deeds but never have a will to fulfill them. She does not seem to shows a lot of interest in her family, but rather other people and their well being. Suzette’s close attention, while she observed her mother with another child. She feeds the lady’s child with food she bought and Suzette also observed this.She also observe how easily the child hand slip into her mother’s hands easily like he knows her for a long time â€Å" when he raises his face he look at her as if he looking at the sky† maybe this work because of her height or something else that was not clear. The child’s face was very happy when she gave him the soda, she helps him to do everything for example put the straw in his drink and not just assume he got it like how she would do her own daughter in assuming she is doing well because she just want to believe so.She also takes interest in the book he had, but she never did in Suzette’s parent’s teachers meetings. The Narrator mother will tell her the most wonderful things in the world, but she doesn’t really goes the extra miles to make sure she was doing well in school, she also trusted her daughter to be great and take responsibility for her own studies and to make her proud. Suzette was curious about her mother mission and finally examine how she interest with other people’s kids which is way different from how she interacted with her.

Death Penalty: the Christian View

In almost every society, there are crimes and violations of human rights. To deal with these things, there are laws that prescribe the prevention of their occurrences. However, if the law is broken, commensurate punishment is put on the violator. Depending on the seriousness of the crime, the punishment may be light such as imprisonment for up to one year with corresponding fines, or it could also be severe as death penalty. Capital punishment or death penalty is usually imposed on persons who committed heinous crimes and are those that endanger the safety of the society. Some countries and societies implement capital punishment while others do not. There are various reasons for this policy of countries, including the social view on the death penalty and the prevailing religious view in the society among others. One of the foremost arguments for the imposition of death penalty is that it acts as a deterrent for heinous crimes. Most societies throughout history have used capital punishment. Governments have also used this extensively to execute persons that do not conform to the laws and standards of conduct in the society. Throughout history, capital punishment was also used to suppress political dissent and to preserve the prevailing order in the society. Nowadays, the death penalty is being imposed on capital crimes such as treason against the state, espionage, and murder. In other countries, crimes that are of sexual nature such as rape, sodomy, and adultery are also punishable by death. Human trafficking, plunder and corruption, as well as drug trafficking are also punishable by death in other countries. The foremost reason being given for the imposition of capital punishment is its power to deter crimes. The argument says that if heinous crimes are punishable by death, would-be perpetrators of such crimes would protect their lives and they will not commit heinous crimes. On the part of the victims of such crimes, they also receive justice and redress for the injury through the capital punishment. On the other hand, capital punishment is a lot less expensive than life imprisonment (Paternoster, 1991). There are a lot of debates surrounding the imposition of capital punishment. Almost all countries in Europe, as well as in the Pacific area, and Latin America have abolished capital punishment in the name of respecting and protecting human rights. There are still a large number of countries that retained it, however. The United States Federal government with 36 States has retained it. Brazil imposes capital punishment only during wartime while countries in Asia and Africa also retained it. Notably, South Africa does not have capital punishment in spite of the high incidence of violent crimes such as murder and rape. South Korea no longer imposes capital punishment, as well as Uzbekistan, because it was not being used for a long time. A number of individuals, organizations, and human rights advocates object to the imposition of capital punishment. The questions they raise concern the effectiveness of capital punishment in deterring crimes. Moreover, there is always the possibility that the innocent person will be sentenced to death. Once the penalty is imposed, it can no longer be undone even if a separate investigation will render the accused as innocent from the crimes. There are also a number of instances in which minority groups are discriminated against in imposing capital punishment. Minority groups usually have lesser access to the best lawyers. As such, they run the greater risk of being proclaimed guilty for the crimes for which they are accused. With capital punishment, once death penalty is imposed, it is final. The person will have no chance to reform his ways or redeem his actions. He has been condemned by the courts to be forever separated from the rest of the society. In the 62nd General Assembly of the United Nations in 2007, the UN passed a resolution calling for the universal ban on capital punishment. This resolution asked the member-states of the UN to impose a moratorium on imposing the death penalty with the eventual plan of abolishing capital punishment. This resolution was made in recognition of the human rights of accused criminals and the possibility of redemption and change. Various religions also have varied responses to capital punishment. Even a particular denomination or religious group may not have a unified stand regarding capital punishment. Religious sentiments do play a significant part in the views of people regarding capital punishment. The Bible is replete with various passages that may seem to support or condemn capital punishment. The Old Testament, particularly, is based upon a morality of â€Å"teeth against teeth† and â€Å"life for life. † The books of laws of the Old Testament actually prescribe stoning to death the persons who commit serious crimes against God and against the community. A number of biblical scholars have considered the part of the Ten Commandments that say â€Å"You shall not kill† as a prohibition against individual cases of murder (The Ryrie Study Bible, Exodus 20:13). In the first place, the Christian faith believes that humans are created in the image of God. As such, a serious crime against another person is also a crime against God. In the Old Testament, premeditated murder was sufficient reason for the death penalty (Numbers 35:31, 33). Moreover, in Genesis 9:6, it can be read that â€Å"whoever sheds the blood of man, by man shall his blood be shed†. St. Thomas Aquinas also published his thoughts regarding capital punishment. He said that â€Å"the civil rulers execute, justly and sinlessly, pestiferous men in order to protect the peace of the state† (Summa Contra Gentiles, III, 146). Furthermore, St. Thomas Aquinas talked about the need to impose death penalty on the crime doers. â€Å"The fact that the evil, as long as they live, can be corrected from their errors does not prohibit the fact that they may be justly executed, for the danger which threatens from their way of life is greater and more certain than the good which may be expected from their improvement. They also have at that critical point of death the opportunity to be converted to God through repentance. And if they are so stubborn that even at the point of death their heart does not draw back from evil, it is possible to make a highly probable judgment that they would never come away from evil to the right use of their powers† (St. Thomas Aquinas, Summa Contra Gentiles, Book III, 146). The sacrifice of Jesus Christ on the cross is at the centerpiece of Christianity. Without such sacrifice, there would be no Christian faith. Such sacrifice is also a form of capital punishment in the sense that he bore the sins of the whole world. Such sin therefore requires the death penalty and Christ willingly went to the Cross to satisfy the requirements of a just and loving God for the remission of sins. Although the Old Testament has a number of provisions for death penalty, the New Testament appears to emphasize the love of God. This has been seized by anti-capital punishment advocates in moving towards the abolition of capital punishment. John 8:7 (NIV) of the Bible, which reads, â€Å"But Jesus bent down and started to write on the ground with his finger. When they kept on questioning him, he straightened up and said to them; â€Å"If any one of you is without sin, let him be the first to throw a stone at her. † is being taken as a passage supporting the abolition of capital punishment. In this regard, the sixth commandment is also being preached in a lot of churches as a prohibition against capital punishment. Several Christians also point to the love and grace of God as reason why capital punishment should not be instituted. Following this line of argument, it means that criminals are being given the maximum time for the possibility of repentance and redemption. With God’s grace and love, even criminals may still get a chance to reform their ways. Christian groups have diverse opinions and individual Christians do have the choice for their own preference and view apart from the official stand of their churches. Historically, the Roman Catholic Church accepted capital punishment based on the theology and views of St. Thomas Aquinas. The reason behind this is the way in which death penalty can deter and prevent crime. It is not a means for revenge. However, during the time of Pope John Paul II, the Roman Catholic Church revised this position. This position was defined by Pope John Paul II through the encyclical he released entitled Evangelium Vitae. As a result of this, the Roman Catholic Church now believes that capital punishment is not the best way to deal with crimes. Rather, capital punishment should be avoided except in cases where it is the only means available to defend the society from the criminal or offender. Given the present situation of penal systems, such need for execution is virtually non-existent. According to the Catechism of the Roman Catholic Church, â€Å"Assuming that the guilty party's identity and responsibility have been fully determined, the traditional teaching of the Church does not exclude recourse to the death penalty, if this is the only possible way of effectively defending human lives against the unjust aggressor. If, however, nonlethal means are sufficient to defend and protect people's safety from the aggressor, authority will limit itself to such means, as these are more in keeping with the concrete conditions of the common good and are more in conformity to the dignity of the human person. Today, in fact, as a consequence of the possibilities which the state has for effectively preventing crime, by rendering one who has committed an offense incapable of doing harm – without definitely taking away from him the possibility of redeeming himself – the cases in which the execution of the offender is an absolute necessity are very rare, if not practically nonexistent† (Catechism of the Catholic Church, no. 2267). Given this position, the Roman Catholic Church has affirmed the sanctity of life through this position. Such position aims to affirm the dignity and rights of a person even if he has committed some crimes. The position promoted and adopted by the Roman Catholic Church through Pope John Paul II is a revolutionary one and it is in keeping with the prevailing views in the world today regarding the abolition of death penalty. Depending on the stand of the churches, more liberal groups tend to be abolitionist, meaning they want to abolish death penalty. The more conservative denominations of Christianity tend to support the imposition of death penalty. Protestant Christian Churches also have their official stand regarding capital punishment. The Anglican and Episcopalian churches has opted a policy that condemns death penalty in 1988 through the Lambeth Conference of Anglican and Episcopal bishops. The United Methodist Church, as well as other Methodist churches all over the world has taken the position against capital punishment. The church says that it cannot support capital punishment on the basis of social vengeance and retribution. More importantly, capital punishment tends to be imposed more frequently to marginalized sectors of the society such as the uneducated, ethnic and racial minorities, the poor, and the disenfranchised. The General Conference of the United Methodist Church, which meets once in every four years, asked its bishops to oppose capital punishment and advocate for governments to impose a moratorium on the implementation of death penalty (United Methodist Church website, 2007). The Lutheran Church in America also opposes the death penalty. Such decision was made in 1991 through a social policy statement that the church released. The policy stated that vengeance is the main reason for the imposition of capital punishment. Furthermore, the Church believes that repentance, forgiveness, and redemption are necessary for true healing to be accomplished (ELCA, 2007). With this policy, the Lutheran Church joins the throng of Christian churches that support the abolition of death penalty. Given these stands of various churches, most denominations appear to support the abolitionist position. The interpretation of these churches of the Christian faith is one in which God’s love and mercy takes precedence over the imposition of punishment on the erring party. There are still churches within the Lutheran tradition that supports death penalty. They cite the stand of Martin Luther regarding death penalty and the way that this represents the justice of God. This also means that churches are now more and more in sync with the ideas and movements of other cause-oriented groups in the society. As time moves on, the views of Christian churches are also changing. There is almost a universal consensus regarding the importance of abolishing death penalty. For Christians, however, there are important issues at stake. This also concerns the emphasis on God’s justice, or God’s love. This also has an implication on the advocacies and ministries of Christian Churches. Traditionally, Christianity has emphasized the justice and the holiness of God and the way in which humans fall short of this. Moreover, justice means equality for all and that people get what they deserve. Given this framework of understanding, capital punishment is necessary. In recent years, however, there has been an emphasis on God’s love and grace. This means that the churches have redefined their role to dispense grace and promote forgiveness, healing, and reconciliation. This does not sit well, however, for the advocates of capital punishment. Because the major denominations such as the Roman Catholic Church, the United Methodist Church, and the Lutheran church have worldwide presence, this means that the abolitionist perspective has a better chance to be propagated all over the world. In this regard, the Christian church is working hand in hand with the United Nations, Amnesty International, and other human rights groups in promoting the dignity of humans. If the advocacy of rights groups and the churches succeed, this means that more and more countries might forego the capital punishment in the coming years. The effects of this on the incidence of crime and the social and governance policy of governments all over the world remain to be seen.

Biographical Essay Work History Essay

My work history starts as a mother of two delightful teenagers. I have enjoyed spending time with my kids since they were babies and watching them grow into hard working, wonderful people. In recent years I helped create an exercise movement class for preschool aged children. In this job experience I created weekly lesson plans that included activities that stimulated their gross motor skills. Activities such as hopping on one foot, running, and jumping. We used games to increase the childrens hand and eye coordination. The bean bag toss was one of the popular games with the kids. I kept the parents informed of their child’s class experiences. Working for four years as a gymnastics instructor gave me the opportunity to teach young children ages two through nine. I was responsible for teaching gymnastics skills that would build into more complicated gymnastics skills. In the kids daily sessions of gymnastics I included activities that would increase their coordination and flexibility. I was expected to conduct an orderly class consisting of fun, skills, motivation, and discipline. I met with the parents on a monthly basis to show what the children had been learning in class. I strived to get to know the parents and keep them involved and informed of their child’s progress in gymnastics class. For more than fifteen years I have instructed fitness classes. Teaching these classes has strengthened my ability to work in a service-oriented job allowing me to establish a good relationship with the participants in my classes. It has been my responsibility to produce a safe class that is enjoyable, and productive. My classes have varied in participants including a senior’s aerobics class and a kid’s movement class. Teaching gymnastics to preschool aged kids was the most rewarding experience I had. The excitement of watching the children learn and master a skill was very thrilling, especially when they accomplished a difficult skill. The connection that I was able to make with each child was very satisfying. One of my top priorities was building the kids self-confidence and making each child know that they were very important. Services and / or Extracurricular Activities I spent five years as a  co-leader for a Girl Scout troop. While serving in this job I helped plan the girls meetings and outings. Earning badges was accomplished by finishing a lesson and doing an activity that went along with the lesson. We spent time at summer camps teaching the girls’ new songs, games, and how to cook out doors. I have taught Sunday school classes that consisted of two and three year old children. My job of service was to teach the lesson plan for the day; we enjoyed singing and playing games, coloring pictures, and using glue. Reasons for Choosing Education as a Career My dream of being a schoolteacher extends back into my early childhood. The jobs that I have had in the past have helped me in making a decision to become a schoolteacher and devote the rest of my life to teaching in a classroom. Teaching allows me to be involved in children’s lives and I can contribute to our society and help develop our future generations. Other careers that I have considered were Physical Therapy, or a Personal Trainer. I was attracted to these two jobs because of my background in the exercise field. But the desire to teach and be involved on a daily basis with children far surpasses the desires that other careers offer. Choosing teaching as a career I can have a huge impact in a child’s future. I will face many challenges along my path of teaching. But I also anticipate rewards of self-fulfillment. Teaching the hard to reach kids is a challenge I will face, and if I can help one of those children along the journey of life I will have made a difference. I look forward to the new faces at the beginning of the year and very familiar ones at the end of the year. Teaching opens up an opportunity to give to our children the ability to love to learn. Professional Goals In the future I will continue my education until I graduate with an Associate degree from the College of Southern Idaho. My following years I will continue my formal education to get my Bachelor degree. I intend to follow my dream of becoming a schoolteacher in the  elementary level of education. I will strive to make every child know that he/she is a very important person to me. I will give them the opportunity to succeed in a safe, kind, and learning environment.

The Matrix Trilogy by Wachowski Brothers Movie Review

The Matrix Trilogy by Wachowski Brothers - Movie Review Example Alexandra Lazar states that the idea of â€Å"formlessness of chaos† can be found in: â€Å"Chinese and the Babylonian creation stories† (Lazar, 2004). She illustrates that â€Å"the dragon represents the principle of order, which emerges from chaos. In Babylonian myth, the Goddess Tiamat together with other early gods embodied the various faces of chaos† (Lazar, 2004). In general, every universal religion has such binary oppositions: good-evil, chaos-order, hell-paradise, etc. Probably, the fact that Matrix is based on binary opposition helps to explain why it is so successful in our society. Everything around us is based on this concept: love-hate; truth-lie, etc. On the other hand, the Matrix retrieved great knowledge which most of people fail to see. We live in a structured world, which becomes a Matrix for us, and we unable to change it (or at least see â€Å"the reality†). The structure of state, government, bureaucratic system creates a Matrix like its movie prototype. â€Å"The Matrix trilogy† is so popular because our generation feels like robots or machines who â€Å"conquered† by bureaucratic system of the world order and â€Å"in order to break free from this ominous and quantifying 'real' we would need to ask further questions about defining links that 'divide and conquer† (Lazar, 2004). In the article, Lazar underlines that: â€Å"power in itself is deceptive as it is based on a paradox: it allows the taste of truth/knowledge but causes its own end (and arguably the end of truth/knowledge)† (Lazar, 2004). This philosophical idea can be found in stoicism, and corresponds with the notion of â€Å"aporia† and dialectical exercise. For instance, â€Å"in â€Å"Parmenides† the aporia means the form that the sensible and intelligible worlds are incorrigibly separated and also are not separated, in that each side has the other in it† (Doull, n.d.). This idea runs through the Matrix trying to uncover the truth of reality, but the heroes rewrite this knowledge showing that 'there is no spoon†, so what? Again, the views are faced with the binary opposition which creates â€Å"quasi-myth† of reality.